Terminal Gas Velocity during Laparoscopy

To assess the effect of port size in relation to laparoscopic gas flow and to determine the terminal velocity of gas flow during insufflation. Analysis and mathematical modeling of gas flow characteristics. University biomedical engineering department. Analytic calculations including Bernoulli'...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inThe Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists Vol. 9; no. 3; pp. 297 - 305
Main Authors Lackey, Laura W., Ott, Douglas E.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States 01.08.2002
Subjects
Biophysical Phenomena
Biophysics
Equipment Design
Female
Humans
Insufflation
Laparoscopy
Models, Theoretical
Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial
Punctures
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Summary:To assess the effect of port size in relation to laparoscopic gas flow and to determine the terminal velocity of gas flow during insufflation. Analysis and mathematical modeling of gas flow characteristics. University biomedical engineering department. Analytic calculations including Bernoulli's equation to describe gas volumetric flow and velocity as it exits laparoscopic intraabdominal entrance sites. Mathematical modeling showed that terminal velocity of gas entering the abdomen through needles or trocars reaches a practical limit depending on size and configuration of the gas exit site, amount of turbulence, length of delivery port, and gas flow. Flow rate was evaluated for circles of 2, 5, and 10 mm and annular slots of 0.1- to 0.01-mm thickness. Resistance to gas flow increases and gas exiting terminal velocity increases as the effective area of the gas exit site decreases. Depending on the configuration of variable parameters, gas flow can reach 30 m/second.
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ISSN:1074-3804
2213-8870
DOI:10.1016/S1074-3804(05)60408-2