New Insights into the Mechanism of Fibroblast to Myofibroblast Transformation and Associated Pathologies

Myofibroblasts are a differentiated cell type essential for wound healing, participating in tissue remodeling following insult. Myofibroblasts are typically activated fibroblasts, although they can also be derived from other cell types, including epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and mononuclear...

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Published inInternational Review of Cell and Molecular Biology Vol. 282; pp. 165 - 192
Main Authors Watsky, Mitchell A., Weber, Karl T., Sun, Yao, Postlethwaite, Arnold
Format Book Chapter Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Elsevier Science & Technology 2010
Subjects
Animal physiology
Animals
Cell Differentiation
Cellular biology
Cornea
Fibroblasts - metabolism
Fibroblasts - pathology
Fibrocyte
Fibrosis
Heart
Humans
Lung
Molecular biology
Scleroderma
Signal Transduction
Systemic sclerosis
Heart
Cornea
Fibrocyte
Lung
Systemic sclerosis
Fibrosis
Scleroderma
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Summary:Myofibroblasts are a differentiated cell type essential for wound healing, participating in tissue remodeling following insult. Myofibroblasts are typically activated fibroblasts, although they can also be derived from other cell types, including epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and mononuclear cells. In most organ systems, cell signals initiated following tissue-specific insult or during the metastatic process lead to differentiation of fibroblasts or other precursor cells to the myofibroblast phenotype. In addition to their beneficial and necessary role in wound healing, myofibroblasts also contribute to a number of pathologies, primarily fibrotic processes and tumor invasiveness. This review explores both traditional and nontraditional concepts of myofibroblast differentiation in the cornea, skin, heart, and other tissues, as well as some of the pathologies associated with myofibroblast activities.
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ISBN:9780123812568
0123812569
ISSN:1937-6448
DOI:10.1016/S1937-6448(10)82004-0