A Survey on Energy Efficiency in Smart Homes and Smart Grids

Empowered by the emergence of novel information and communication technologies (ICTs) such as sensors and high-performance digital communication systems, Europe has adapted its electricity distribution network into a modern infrastructure known as a smart grid (SG). The benefits of this new infrastr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inEnergies (Basel) Vol. 14; no. 21; p. 7273
Main Authors Prieto González, Lisardo, Fensel, Anna, Gómez Berbís, Juan Miguel, Popa, Angela, de Amescua Seco, Antonio
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.11.2021
Subjects
Actuators
Artificial intelligence
Automation
Big Data
Blockchain
Communications systems
Customers
Decision making
Distributed generation
Electric power distribution
Electricity
Energy consumption
Energy efficiency
Energy industry
Fraud
Indexing services
Infrastructure
knowledge graphs
Literature reviews
Optimization
Polls & surveys
Power
Residential energy
Security
semantic technology
Smart buildings
smart home
Smart houses
Subsystems
Value chain
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Summary:Empowered by the emergence of novel information and communication technologies (ICTs) such as sensors and high-performance digital communication systems, Europe has adapted its electricity distribution network into a modern infrastructure known as a smart grid (SG). The benefits of this new infrastructure include precise and real-time capacity for measuring and monitoring the different energy-relevant parameters on the various points of the grid and for the remote operation and optimization of distribution. Furthermore, a new user profile is derived from this novel infrastructure, known as a prosumer (a user that can produce and consume energy to/from the grid), who can benefit from the features derived from applying advanced analytics and semantic technologies in the rich amount of big data generated by the different subsystems. However, this novel, highly interconnected infrastructure also presents some significant drawbacks, like those related to information security (IS). We provide a systematic literature survey of the ICT-empowered environments that comprise SGs and homes, and the application of modern artificial intelligence (AI) related technologies with sensor fusion systems and actuators, ensuring energy efficiency in such systems. Furthermore, we outline the current challenges and outlook for this field. These address new developments on microgrids, and data-driven energy efficiency that leads to better knowledge representation and decision-making for smart homes and SGs.
ISSN:1996-1073
1996-1073
DOI:10.3390/en14217273