Patterns of insulin resistance in the general population of southeast Spain

• Published in: Diabetes research and clinical practice Vol. 65; no. 3; pp. 247 - 256
• Main Authors: Rojo-Martı́nez, G., Esteva, I., Ruiz de Adana, S., Catalá, M., Merelo, M.J., Tinahones, F., Gómez-Zumaquero, J.M., Cuesta, A.L., Cardona, F., Soriguer, F.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ireland Elsevier Ireland Ltd 01.09.2004
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology; Female; Glucose Intolerance - epidemiology; Glucose Tolerance Test; HOMA; Humans; Impaired fasting glucose; Impaired glucose tolerance; Insulin - blood; Insulin Resistance; Male; Middle Aged; Risk Factors; Spain - epidemiology; Spain; Insulin resistance; Impaired fasting glucose; HOMA; Impaired glucose tolerance; Diabetes mellitus
• ISSN: 0168-8227; 1872-8227
• DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2004.01.004

The aim of this study was to evaluate patterns of insulin resistance in the general population. The study was cross sectional. Clinical, anthropometric, and lipid measurements were made in 1226 persons aged 18–65 years. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in 1020 subjects, with insulin levels determined at baseline and after 2 h. The homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA IR) and HOMA β-cell function were calculated. Compared with subjects with normal glucose tolerance, the groups with abnormal OGTT had different baseline insulinemia, 2 h post OGTT insulinemia, HOMA IR and HOMA β-cell indices. Serum insulin levels at baseline and 2 h after OGTT showed a characteristic pattern for each category of glucose tolerance, resulting from the different insulin responses. In the subjects with normal glucose tolerance, the pattern of the relationships between both types of serum insulin levels was exactly the same, so that it was possible to determine risk groups according to the ratio of baseline serum insulin/2 h insulin. HOMA IR and HOMA β-cell were significantly associated with the risk of impaired fasting glucose, previously unknown diabetes mellitus, and known diabetes mellitus. These results support the rationale for introducing preventive measures against insulin resistance in the general population.