Optimal Sizing and Control Strategies for Hybrid Storage System as Limited by Grid Frequency Deviations

• Published in: IEEE transactions on power systems Vol. 33; no. 5; pp. 5486 - 5495
• Main Authors: Cao, Jun, Du, Wenjuan, Wang, Haifeng, McCulloch, Malcolm
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 01.09.2018; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Batteries; Cutoff frequency; differential evolution; Energy storage; Frequency control; Frequency deviation; fuzzy base control; Fuzzy control; Fuzzy systems; grid frequency deviation; Hybrid energy storage system (HESS); Hybrid systems; optimal storage sizing; Power system stability; Sizing; Supercapacitors; Systems analysis; Wind power; Wind power generation; Wind variations
• ISSN: 0885-8950; 1558-0679
• DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2018.2805380

Frequency deviations of power systems caused by grid-connected wind power fluctuations is one of the key factors which restrains the increase of wind penetration level. This paper examines a combined wind and hybrid energy storage system (HESS, supercapacitor, and battery) to smooth wind power fluctuations. A fuzzy-based wind-HESS system (FWHS) controller is proposed to suppress the wind power fluctuations. The proposed controller takes full advantage of the complimentary characteristics of the supercapacitor and battery with the supercapacitor and battery in charge of high and middle frequency components of wind fluctuations, respectively. A differential evolution (DE)-based optimal sizing method for HESS systems is introduced to evaluate the minimum capacity of HESS as being limited by grid frequency deviation. The efficiency of the proposed scheme in the paper for wind-HESS system is evaluated by a real Chinese power system.