Recent Progress in Hydrogen Flammability Prediction for the Safe Energy Systems

Many countries consider hydrogen as a promising energy source to resolve the energy challenges over the global climate change. However, the potential of hydrogen explosions remains a technical issue to embrace hydrogen as an alternate solution since the Hindenburg disaster occurred in 1937. To ascer...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inEnergies (Basel) Vol. 13; no. 23; p. 6263
Main Authors Jeon, Joongoo, Kim, Sung Joong
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.12.2020
Subjects
Climate change
Dimensional analysis
Energy
Experiments
Explosions
flame extinction
Flammability
Flammability limits
Fuel cells
Gases
Heat
heat loss
Hydrogen
hydrogen energy
hydrogen safety
Hydrogen-based energy
Lewis number
Nuclear power plants
Numerical analysis
Propagation
Europe
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Summary:Many countries consider hydrogen as a promising energy source to resolve the energy challenges over the global climate change. However, the potential of hydrogen explosions remains a technical issue to embrace hydrogen as an alternate solution since the Hindenburg disaster occurred in 1937. To ascertain safe hydrogen energy systems including production, storage, and transportation, securing the knowledge concerning hydrogen flammability is essential. In this paper, we addressed a comprehensive review of the studies related to predicting hydrogen flammability by dividing them into three types: experimental, numerical, and analytical. While the earlier experimental studies had focused only on measuring limit concentration, recent studies clarified the extinction mechanism of a hydrogen flame. In numerical studies, the continued advances in computer performance enabled even multi-dimensional stretched flame analysis following one-dimensional planar flame analysis. The different extinction mechanisms depending on the Lewis number of each fuel type could be observed by these advanced simulations. Finally, historical attempts to predict the limit concentration by analytical modeling of flammability characteristics were discussed. Developing an accurate model to predict the flammability limit of various hydrogen mixtures is our remaining issue.
ISSN:1996-1073
1996-1073
DOI:10.3390/en13236263