Analysis of Noise and Velocity in GNSS EPN-Repro 2 Time Series

This study evaluates the EUREF Permanent Network (EPN) station position time series of approximately 200 GNSS stations subject to the Repro 2 reprocessing campaign in order to characterize the dominant types of noise and amplitude and their impact on estimated velocity values and associated uncertai...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inRemote sensing (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 13; no. 14; p. 2783
Main Authors Nistor, Sorin, Suba, Norbert-Szabolcs, Maciuk, Kamil, Kudrys, Jacek, Nastase, Eduard Ilie, Muntean, Alexandra
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.07.2021
Subjects
Amplitudes
EPN
Flicker
GNSS time series
Inspection
Mathematical models
Maximum likelihood estimation
Noise
noise model
Power spectral density
Random variables
Random walk
Reprocessing
Sample variance
Satellites
Stations
Time series
Uncertainty
Velocity
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Summary:This study evaluates the EUREF Permanent Network (EPN) station position time series of approximately 200 GNSS stations subject to the Repro 2 reprocessing campaign in order to characterize the dominant types of noise and amplitude and their impact on estimated velocity values and associated uncertainties. The visual inspection on how different noise model represents the analysed data was done using the power spectral density of the residuals and the estimated noise model and it is coherent with the calculated Allan deviation (ADEV)-white and flicker noise. The velocities resulted from the dominant noise model are compared to the velocity obtained by using the Median Interannual Difference Adjusted for Skewness (MIDAS). The results show that only 3 stations present a dominant random walk noise model compared to flicker and powerlaw noise model for the horizontal and vertical components. We concluded that the velocities for the horizontal and vertical component show similar values in the case of MIDAS and maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), but we also found that the associated uncertainties from MIDAS are higher compared to the uncertainties from MLE. Additionally, we concluded that there is a spatial correlation in noise amplitude, and also regarding the differences in velocity uncertainties for the Up component.
ISSN:2072-4292
2072-4292
DOI:10.3390/rs13142783