Platelet aggregation in pigs fed diets containing anhydrous milkfat, fish oil or hydrogenated coconut oil

• Published in: Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 22; no. 11; pp. 1281 - 1298
• Main Authors: James, Kerry A.C, Thompson, Keith G, Maccoll, Alison J, Booth, Christine L, Body, Denis R, Chirkov, Yuliy Y, Butler, Ruth C, Moughan, Paul J, Lubbe, Wilhelm F
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Elsevier Inc 01.11.2002; Elsevier Science
• Subjects: anhydrous milk fat; Biological and medical sciences; blood; Blood coagulation. Blood cells; coconut oil; cyclic GMP; diet; Dietary fats/oils; fatty acid composition; fatty acids; fish oils; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Indices of thrombogenicity; Molecular and cellular biology; nitroprusside; phospholipids; Platelet; Platelet aggregation; Platelet fatty acid composition; Porcine; prediction; radioimmunoassays; starch; swine; swine feeding; Platelet fatty acid composition; Porcine; Dietary fats/oils; Platelet aggregation; Indices of thrombogenicity; Lipids; Vegetable oil; Supplemented diet; Edible oil; Fish oil; Feeding; Pig; Aggregation; Vertebrata; Platelet; Mammalia; Anhydrous compound; Coconut oil; Animal oil; Animal; Hydrogenated oil; Artiodactyla; Milk fat; Ungulata
• ISSN: 0271-5317; 1879-0739
• DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(02)00425-6

The purpose of the study was to measure platelet aggregation and fatty acid composition for pigs fed diets containing different fats/oils, and to compare platelet aggregation with empirical indices calculated from the fatty acid compositions of the diets and platelet phospholipids, and the index of thrombogenicity of Ulbricht and Southgate [1]. Four groups of 16 pigs were fed for 70 days on diets containing one of three test fats/oils; anhydrous milkfat (AMF), fish oil (MaxEPA TM) or hydrogenated coconut oil (HCO) at a level of 100 g/kg, or a basal diet containing starch at the expense of the test fat/oil. Blood samples were collected from each pig at 56 and 70 days. ADP- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation were measured by the turbidometric method at 56 days, intra-platelet cGMP response to sodium nitroprusside activator was measured by radioimmunoassay at 56 days, and the fatty acid composition of platelet phospholipids was measured at 70 days. There was a significant effect of diet on collagen-induced platelet aggregation (%) (AMF 76.0, MaxEPA 70.8, HCO 81.3, basal 86.8) which was lower in the MaxEPA group compared to the hydrogenated coconut oil and basal groups, and on the proportions (% total fatty acids) of the major monounsaturated (18:1 n-9, AMF 16.6, MaxEPA 13.1, HCO 14.6, basal 15.9; 18:1 n-7, AMF 0.9, MaxEPA 3.3, HCO 1.1, basal 1.2) and polyunsaturated (18:2 n-6, AMF 7.6, MaxEPA 7.4, HCO 8.7, basal 7.6; 20:4 n-6, AMF 13.3, MaxEPA 4.8, HCO 16.2, basal 15.6; 20:5 n-3, AMF 0.9, MaxEPA 10.3) fatty acids in platelet phospholipids. There were no significant effects of diet on ADP-induced platelet aggregation or platelet cGMP. The relative pattern of platelet aggregation across dietary treatments was consistent with empirical indices based on the ratios of the n-6/ n-3 fatty acids in the diets and platelet phospholipids, but did not match the pattern based on the index of thrombogenicity [1]. The data suggest that useful factors for predicting platelet aggregation are the proportions of the fatty acids 18:2 n-6 + 20:4 n-6 /18:3 n-3 + 20:5 n-3 + 22:6 n-3 in the diets and platelet phospholipids.