The effect of temperature increase on microbial carbon fluxes in the Adriatic Sea: an experimental approach

• Published in: FEMS microbiology ecology Vol. 94; no. 10
• Main Authors: Šolic, Mladen, Šantic, Danijela, Šestanovic, Stefanija, Bojanic, Natalia, Ordulj, Marin, Jozic, Slaven, Vrdoljak, Ana
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Oxford University Press 01.10.2018
• Subjects: Algae; Bacteria; Biomass; Carbon; Ciliates; Climate change; Dilution; Ecology; Energy flow; Fluxes; Food chains; Food webs; Global warming; Grazing; Lysis; Marine environment; Microbiology; Microorganisms; Picoplankton; Prey; Protozoa; Temperature effects; Trophic levels; Adriatic Sea
• ISSN: 1574-6941; 0168-6496; 1574-6941
• DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy169

An assessment of the temperature increase effect on processes within the microbial food web provides a better insight into the carbon transfer and energy flow processes in marine environments in the global warming perspective. Modified laboratory dilution experiments that allow simultaneous estimates of protozoan grazing and viral lysis on picoplankton groups (bacteria, Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus and pico-eukaryotic algae) under in situ and 3°C above in situ temperatures were performed at seasonal scale. Picoplankton mortality due to grazing was generally higher than that caused by viral lysis, especially in the cold months. The largest part of HNF carbon demand was satisfied by grazing on bacteria throughout the year. Although ciliates satisfied their carbon demand predominantly through grazing on HNF and bacteria, the role of autotrophic picoplankton (APP) as their prey increased significantly in the cold months. Bacteria constituted the most important host for viruses throughout the year. However, during the warm months, APP groups were also significant hosts for viral infection. Under the warming condition the amount of picoplankton biomass transferred to protozoan grazers exceeded the lysed biomass, suggesting that global warming could further increase picoplankton carbon flow toward higher trophic levels in the Adriatic Sea.