Influence of lithium disilicate pretreatment using photodynamic therapy, non-thermal plasma, and laser treatment on surface roughness and bond strength

• Published in: Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy Vol. 42; p. 103512
• Main Author: Alayad, Abdullah
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.06.2023
• Subjects: Er,Cr:YSGG; Lithium disilicate ceramics; Non-thermal plasma; Photodynamic therapy; Pretreatment; Surface roughness; Non-thermal plasma; Surface roughness; Photodynamic therapy; Pretreatment; Er,Cr:YSGG; Lithium disilicate ceramics
• ISSN: 1572-1000; 1873-1597
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103512

•Lithium disilicate ceramics (LDC) pretreated with HF+S showed the highest bond integrity and highest ra.•LDC conditioned with PDT demonstrated the lowest bond values comparable to LDC conditioned with nonthermal plasma.•The predominant failure type was adhesive among all groups. To assess the shear bond strength (SBS) and surface roughness (Ra) of lithium disilicate ceramic (LDC) after using different pretreatment methods i.e., Non-Thermal Plasma (NTP), self-etching ceramic primer (SECP), curcumin photosensitizer (CP), Er and Cr: YSGG lasers (ECL) in comparison to hydrofluoric acid + Silane (HF + S). A total of fifty LDC discs were prepared. All the discs were arbitrarily divided into five groups based on the surface conditioning used (n = 10). Group 1: PDT+S, group 2: HF+ S, group 3: NTP + S, group 4: SECP, and group 5: ECL+ S. A confocal optical microscope was used to calculate Ra for each sample. A self-adhesive resin cement was applied followed by LED light curing. A universal testing machine was used to assess SBS and a stereomicroscope was used to determine the failure mode. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and a Tukey post hoc test was used to analyze data (p = 0.05). The highest bond integrity of resin luting bonded to conditioned LDS ceramics were presented by group 2 (HF+ S) (21.48±1.39 MPa) and lowest by group 1 (CP+S) (13.01±1.19 MPa) respectively. Intergroup comparison analysis revealed that group 1(13.01±1.19 MPa) and group 3 (14.28±0.62 MPa) displayed comparable outcomes of bond integrity(p>0.05). Similarly, it was observed that group 2 (21.48±1.39 MPa) and group 5 (21.31±1.85 MPa) exhibited comparable values of bond strength(p>0.05). Specimens conditioned with HF+ S showed the highest Ra (1445.86±0.019 µm). However, discs treated with SECP exhibited the lowest Ra (0139.76±0.081 µm). Er, Cr: YSGG laser retains the ability to be used as an LDC surface conditioner as an alternative to HF+ S.Both the methods of pretreatment results in high surface roughness of LDC.