Added γ-oryzanol boosted anti-inflammatory effects of canola oil in adult subjects with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled clinical trial

• Published in: European journal of nutrition Vol. 63; no. 2; pp. 425 - 433
• Main Authors: Nikooyeh, Bahareh, Zargaraan, Azizollaah, Ebrahimof, Samira, Kalayi, Ali, Zahedirad, Maliheh, Yazdani, Hootan, Rismanchi, Marjan, Karami, Taher, Khazraei, Marzieh, Jafarpour, Ali, Neyestani, Tirang R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.03.2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adult; adults; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use; biomarkers; blood serum; C-reactive protein; Canola; canola oil; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Clinical trials; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy; Female; Helianthus; Helianthus annuus; Humans; Immunoglobulin A; Inflammation; interleukin-6; issues and policy; Male; malondialdehyde; NCT; NCT05271045; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; Nutrition; Original Contribution; Oxidative stress; Phenylpropionates; Rapeseed Oil; Statistical analysis; Sunflower Oil; Vegetable oils; γ-Interferon; Type 2 diabetes; Oxidative stress; Sunflower oil; γ-oryzanol; Canola oil; Clinical trial; Immunity
• ISSN: 1436-6207; 1436-6215; 1436-6215
• DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03275-w

Purpose This study was conducted to examine the effects of daily intake of γ-oryzanol (ORZ)-fortified canola oil, as compared with plain canola and sunflower oils, on certain inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in adult subjects with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Methods We randomly allocated 92 adult subjects with T2D from both sexes to one of the following groups to receive: (a) ORZ-fortified canola oil (ORZO; n 1  = 30); (b) unfortified canola oil (CANO; n 2  = 32); or (c) sunflower oil (SUFO; n 3  = 30) for 12 weeks. Dietary and laboratory evaluations were performed initially and finally. Results Serum hs-CRP concentrations significantly decreased in ORZO group (from 3.1 ± 0.2 to 1.2 ± 0.2 mg/L), as compared with CANO ( p  = 0.003) and SUFO ( p  < 0.001) groups. Serum IL-6 significantly decreased just in ORZO (− 22.8%, p  = 0.042) and CANO groups (− 19.8%, p  = 0.038). However, the between-group differences were not significant. Serum IL-1β slightly decreased in ORZO (− 28.1%, p  = 0.11) and increased in SUFO (+ 20.6%, p  = 0.079) but between-group difference was statistically significant ( p  = 0.017). Serum IFN-γ concentrations decreased significantly only in ORZO (from 3.3 ± 0.08 to 2.9 ± 0.21 IU/mL, p  = 0.044). Salivary IgA concentrations increased significantly in all three intervention groups. Notwithstanding, only the difference between ORZO and CANO groups was statistically significant ( p  = 0.042). Similarly, circulating malondialdehyde concentrations significantly decreased in all three groups but with no between-group significant difference. Conclusions Daily consumption of ORZ-fortified canola oil, compared with unfortified canola and sunflower oils, for 12 weeks resulted in boosting of certain anti-inflammatory effects of canola oil. These findings may have preventive implications for both clinicians and policy makers. This clinical trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (03.08.2022; NCT05271045).