MicroRNAs as important players in regulating cancer through PTEN/PI3K/AKT signalling pathways

• Published in: Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer Vol. 1878; no. 3; p. 188904
• Main Authors: Selvakumar, Sushmaa Chandralekha, Preethi, K. Auxzilia, Sekar, Durairaj
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.05.2023
• Subjects: Biomarkers; Cancer; Carcinogenesis - genetics; Gene regulation; Humans; microRNAs; MicroRNAs - genetics; MicroRNAs - metabolism; Molecular mechanisms; Neoplasms - drug therapy; Neoplasms - genetics; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - genetics; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - metabolism; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - genetics; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - metabolism; PTEN Phosphohydrolase - genetics; PTEN Phosphohydrolase - metabolism; Signalling pathways; Therapeutic target; microRNAs; RISC; OSCC; TAM; NSCLC; Gene regulation; PTEN; AGO; AKT; DOX; TME; Therapeutic target; PCa; DDP; MBNL1-AS1; PI3K; Molecular mechanisms; Biomarkers; Signalling pathways; microRNA; DGCR8; LNA; Cancer
• ISSN: 0304-419X; 1879-2561
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188904

Cancer being the leading cause of mortality has become a great threat worldwide. Current cancer therapeutics lack specificity and have side effects due to a lack of understanding of the molecular mechanisms and signalling pathways involved in carcinogenesis. In recent years, researchers have been focusing on several signalling pathways to pave the way for novel therapeutics. The PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway is one of the important pathways involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis, leading to tumour growth. In addition, the PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis has several downstream pathways that could lead to tumour malignancy, metastasis and chemoresistance. On the other hand, microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of various genes leading to disease pathogenesis. Hence studies of the role of miRNAs in regulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis could lead to the development of novel therapeutics for cancer. Thus, in this review, we have focused on various miRNAs involved in the carcinogenesis of various cancer via the PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis. •MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important modulators of gene expression and suppression in various diseases including cancer.•PTEN is an important tumour suppressor mechanism and is involved in the carcinogenesis of various cancer.•miRNAs regulating PTEN/PI3K/AKT signalling axis are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer.