Characteristics of Electric Field and Radiation Pattern on Different Locations of the Human Body for In-Body Wireless Communication

• Published in: IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation Vol. 61; no. 10; pp. 5350 - 5354
• Main Authors: Ho-Yu Lin, Takahashi, Masaharu, Saito, Kazuyuki, Ito, Koichi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY IEEE 01.10.2013; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
• Subjects: Antenna radiation patterns; Antennas; Applied sciences; Dipole antennas; Electric fields; Exact sciences and technology; FDTD method; in-body wireless communication; numerical human body; Phantoms; Radiocommunications; Services and terminals of telecommunications; Systems, networks and services of telecommunications; Telecommunications; Telecommunications and information theory; Telemetry. Remote supervision. Telewarning. Remote control; Wireless communication; Near field; Performance evaluation; Wireless telecommunication; Finite difference time-domain analysis; Far field; Lossy medium; Numerical method; Telemetry; Dipole antenna; Electromagnetic wave; numerical human body; FDTD method; Electric field; Human body model; Telecommunication system; Connectedness; Radiation pattern; in-body wireless communication; Localization; Monitoring; Test object
• ISSN: 0018-926X; 1558-2221
• DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2013.2272672

An in-body wireless communication system has attracted increasing attention because it can replace the connectivity of biological telemetry monitoring. However, the human body is a very complex environment (lossy, dispersive, and inhomogeneous) and affects the electromagnetic (EM) wave in the near field. Moreover, the entire human geometry affects the radiation pattern in the far field. This communication presents the behavior of the EM wave in the near and far fields at 2.45 GHz when a dipole antenna (used as an implantable antenna) is embedded in the vicinity of the clavicle, upper arm, lower arm, and hand of a human body. The effect on the electric field and radiation performance is simulated by the finite-difference time-domain method. By introducing a three-layered phantom, the antenna performance is confirmed. Moreover, the measured and simulated results are in good agreement with each other. The information derived from this study can be used in the evaluation of the link budget of in-body wireless communication.