Synthesis of Indole Derivatives Using Biosynthesized ZnO-CaO Nanoparticles as an Efficient Catalyst

The principal aim of this research is using biosynthesized ZnO-CaO nanoparticles (NPs) for preparation of indole derivatives. ZnO-CaO NPs have been prepared using Zn(CH3COO)2 and eggshell waste powder in solvent-free conditions. Morphology and structure of NPs were determined by FT-IR, X-ray diffrac...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of nano research Vol. 66; pp. 61 - 71
Main Authors Nami, Navabeh, Heidarzadeh, Tahereh, Zareyee, Daryoush
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Zurich Trans Tech Publications Ltd 01.02.2021
Subjects
Aliphatic amines
Catalysts
Chemical synthesis
Electron microscopy
Ethanol
Infrared spectroscopy
Nanoparticles
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Spectra
Zinc oxide
Quail Eggshell
ZnO-CaO Nanoparticles
Eco-Friendly Catalyst
Indole Derivative
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Summary:The principal aim of this research is using biosynthesized ZnO-CaO nanoparticles (NPs) for preparation of indole derivatives. ZnO-CaO NPs have been prepared using Zn(CH3COO)2 and eggshell waste powder in solvent-free conditions. Morphology and structure of NPs were determined by FT-IR, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectra (EDS). It was used as a highly efficient catalyst for the synthesis of indole derivatives. Some indole derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of indole, formaldehyde, aromatic and aliphatic amines in the presence of ZnO-CaO NPs (5 mol%) in ethanol under reflux conditions. The assigned structure was further established by CHN analyses, NMR, and FT-IR spectra. Because of excellent capacity, the exceedingly simple workup and good yield, eco-friendly catalyst ZnO-CaO NPs were proved to be a good catalyst for this reaction.
ISSN:1662-5250
1661-9897
1661-9897
DOI:10.4028/www.scientific.net/JNanoR.66.61