Food Waste Composting and Microbial Community Structure Profiling

Over the last decade, food waste has been one of the major issues globally as it brings a negative impact on the environment and health. Rotting discharges methane, causing greenhouse effect and adverse health effects due to pathogenic microorganisms or toxic leachates that reach agricultural land a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inProcesses Vol. 8; no. 6; p. 723
Main Authors Palaniveloo, Kishneth, Amran, Muhammad Azri, Norhashim, Nur Azeyanti, Mohamad-Fauzi, Nuradilla, Peng-Hui, Fang, Hui-Wen, Low, Kai-Lin, Yap, Jiale, Looi, Chian-Yee, Melissa Goh, Jing-Yi, Lai, Gunasekaran, Baskaran, Razak, Shariza Abdul
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 22.06.2020
Subjects
Aeration
Agricultural land
Agricultural management
Biodegradable materials
Carbohydrates
Carbon
Chemical properties
Community structure
Composting
Conformation
Decomposition
Electrophoresis
Environmental impact
Food
Food waste
Gel electrophoresis
Gene polymorphism
Greenhouse effect
Households
Landfill
Leachates
Lignin
Microbiomes
Microorganisms
Natural & organic foods
Next-generation sequencing
Outdoor air quality
Pathogens
Physicochemical properties
Polymerase chain reaction
Polymorphism
Proteins
Recycling centers
Restriction fragment length polymorphism
Soil fertility
Sustainable development
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Summary:Over the last decade, food waste has been one of the major issues globally as it brings a negative impact on the environment and health. Rotting discharges methane, causing greenhouse effect and adverse health effects due to pathogenic microorganisms or toxic leachates that reach agricultural land and water system. As a solution, composting is implemented to manage and reduce food waste in line with global sustainable development goals (SDGs). This review compiles input on the types of organic composting, its characteristics, physico-chemical properties involved, role of microbes and tools available in determining the microbial community structure. Composting types: vermi-composting, windrow composting, aerated static pile composting and in-vessel composting are discussed. The diversity of microorganisms in each of the three stages in composting is highlighted and the techniques used to determine the microbial community structure during composting such as biochemical identification, polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE), terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and single strand-conformation polymorphism (SSCP), microarray analysis and next-generation sequencing (NGS) are discussed. Overall, a good compost, not only reduces waste issues, but also contributes substantially to the economic and social sectors of a nation.
ISSN:2227-9717
2227-9717
DOI:10.3390/pr8060723