Assessment of Rice Straw–Derived Biochar for Livestock Wastewater Treatment

• Published in: Water, air, and soil pollution Vol. 232; no. 4
• Main Authors: Lap, Bui Quoc, Thinh, Nguyen Vu Duc, Hung, Nguyen Tri Quang, Nam, Nguyen Hoai, Dang, Huyen Thi Thanh, Ba, Ho Thanh, Ky, Nguyen Minh, Tuan, Huynh Ngoc Anh
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.04.2021; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Agricultural production; Agricultural runoff; Agricultural wastes; Alternative energy sources; Animal wastes; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Bulk density; Charcoal; Climate change; Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts; Climatic changes; Earth and Environmental Science; Environment; Environmental monitoring; Hydrogeology; Influents; Iodine; Livestock; Mitigation; Moisture content; pH effects; Pollutant removal; Pollutants; Purification; Removal; Renewable energy; Rice; Rice straw; Sewage; Soil Science & Conservation; Straw; Wastewater discharges; Wastewater pollution; Wastewater treatment; Water content; Water Quality/Water Pollution; Water treatment; Filtering material; Biochar; Livestock wastewater; Wastewater treatment; Rice straw
• ISSN: 0049-6979; 1573-2932
• DOI: 10.1007/s11270-021-05100-8

The use of rice straw for biochar production has been widely proved as a great alternative energy source, which not only is cheaper than other commercial coals but also helps mitigation of climate change. In this study, the rice straw–derived biochar was assessed as a sorption material used for livestock wastewater treatment, which has not much been studied so far. The biochar derived from rice straw had moisture content of 4.9 ± 0.5 %, bulk density of 0.38 ± 0.03 g/cm 3 , iodine number of 958.0 ± 37.0 mg/g, and pH was determined at 7.6 ± 0.1. The optimal contact time, biochar mass concentration, and pH were determined as 3.0 h, 4.0 g/L, and 9.0, respectively. The COD and BOD 5 removal efficiencies were up to 40.0% via the batch experiment. However, the column test results showed the higher removal efficiencies which were 79.0 ± 6.1% for COD and 84.0 ± 2.5% for BOD 5 with the influent COD concentration of 373.0 ± 8.0 mg/L and BOD 5 concentration of 240.0 ± 3.0 mg/L . The effluent all met the current livestock wastewater discharge standard of Vietnam (QCVN 62-MT:2016/BTNMT). These findings indicate the potential of using straw-derived biochar as a good material for removing organic pollutants from livestock wastewater.