High diversity of planktonic prokaryotes in Arctic Kongsfjorden seawaters in summer 2015
Kongsfjorden is a typical glacier fjord in the European Arctic. In order to know the distribution and diversity of planktonic prokaryotes in the fjord subjected to strong physical gradient related with local glacier dynamics, prokaryote communities along a transect extending from the outer to the in...
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Published in | Polar biology Vol. 44; no. 1; pp. 195 - 208 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Berlin/Heidelberg
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2021
Springer Springer Nature B.V |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Kongsfjorden is a typical glacier fjord in the European Arctic. In order to know the distribution and diversity of planktonic prokaryotes in the fjord subjected to strong physical gradient related with local glacier dynamics, prokaryote communities along a transect extending from the outer to the inner fjord was investigated in the summer of 2015 using 454 pyrosequencing of archaeal and bacterial 16S rRNA genes. Higher diversity and species richness were detected in
Bacteria
than in
Archaea
in each sample. Archaeal 16S rRNA gene sequences were not detected in the outer area of the fjord.
Nitrososphaeria
within the phylum
Crenarchaeota
and
Poseidoniia
within the
Thermoplasmatota
were two dominant archaeal groups in the fjord. At the genus level,
Nitrosopumilus
,
Nitrosopelagicus
, MGIIa-L1, and MGIIb–O2 dominated seawater archaeal communities. Higher abundances of
Poseidoniale
-related archaea were observed in the deep water than in the surface water. The
Proteobacteria
,
Bacteroidota
, and
Actinobacteriota
dominated the planktonic bacterial communities, with
Verrucomicrobiota
(represented by
Verrucomicrobiae
) dominating the middle area of the fjord. At the class level,
Bacteroidia
,
Alphaproteobacteria
,
Gammaproteobacteria
, and
Actinobacteria
dominated the bacterial communities within Kongsfjorden. Sequences affiliated with genera
Polaribacter
and
Yoonia
were frequently detected in the fjord. Results suggest that planktonic archaeal and bacterial community compositions in Kongsfjorden can be driven by different major environmental factors. |
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ISSN: | 0722-4060 1432-2056 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s00300-020-02791-3 |