Fluid-dynamic optimality in the generation-averaged length-to-diameter ratio of the human bronchial tree

It is shown in this paper that the nearly constant length-to-diameter ratio observed with conducting airways of human bronchial tree can be explained based on the fluid dynamic optimality principle. In any branched tube there are two pressure loss mechanisms, one for wall friction in the tube sectio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inMedical & biological engineering & computing Vol. 45; no. 11; pp. 1071 - 1078
Main Authors Lee, Jin W, Kang, Min Y, Yang, Hoe J, Lee, Eugene
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Springer Nature B.V 01.11.2007
Subjects
Bronchi - anatomy & histology
Bronchi - physiology
Fasteners
Fluid dynamics
Humans
Models, Anatomic
Pressure
Rheology
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Summary:It is shown in this paper that the nearly constant length-to-diameter ratio observed with conducting airways of human bronchial tree can be explained based on the fluid dynamic optimality principle. In any branched tube there are two pressure loss mechanisms, one for wall friction in the tube section and the other for flow division in the branching section, and there exists an optimal length-to-diameter ratio which minimizes the total pressure loss for a branched tube in laminar flow condition. The optimal length-to-diameter ratio predicted by the pressure loss minimization shows an excellent agreement with the length-to-diameter ratios found in the human conducting airways.
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ISSN:0140-0118
1741-0444
DOI:10.1007/s11517-007-0232-8