Leaf Extract and Active Fractions of Dillenia pentagyna Roxb. Reduce In Vitro Human Cancer Cell Migration Via NF-κB Pathway

• Published in: Integrative cancer therapies Vol. 21; p. 15347354221128832
• Main Authors: De, Debapriya, Chowdhury, Priyanka, Panda, Sujogya Kumar, Ghosh, Utpal
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 01.01.2022; SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC
• Subjects: Cadherins; Cancer; Cell adhesion & migration; Cell migration; Cell viability; Dillenia pentagyna; High-performance liquid chromatography; Metastases; Metastasis; N-Cadherin; NF-κB protein; Plant extracts; Vimentin; cell migration; NF-κB; Dillenia pentagyna; EMT; active fractions; MMPs
• ISSN: 1534-7354; 1552-695X; 1552-695X
• DOI: 10.1177/15347354221128832

Background: Different parts of Dillenia pentagyna have long been used in traditional medicines to cure several diseases including cancer. However, the mechanism(s) of anti-cancer effects are still unknown. We aimed to elucidate the anti-metastatic potential of ethanolic extracts of leaves of D. pentagyna (EELDP) and active fractions of it in highly metastatic human cancer cells. Methods: We screened different HPLC fractions of EELDP based on their anti-metastatic effect. We used TLC and ESI-MS for determining the presence of various phytochemicals in EELDP and fractions. We monitored in vitro anti-metastasis effect of EELDP (0-0.6 mg/ml) and active fractions (0-0.050 mg/ml) on various human cancer cells like A549, HeLa, and U2OS. Results: EELDP significantly reduced cell viability and cell migration in A549, HeLa, and U2OS cells. However, higher sensitivity was observed in A549 cells. We screened 2 active HPLC fractions F6 and F8 having anti-MMPs activity. EELDP and active fractions reduced metastasis via the NF-κB pathway, decreased the expression of Vimentin, N-cadherin, and increased the expression of Claudin-1. Conclusion: Significant reduction of metastasis by EELDP at a dose of 0.1 mg/ml or by active fractions at 0.050 mg/ml implicates that the active compound(s) present in crude or fractions are extremely potent to control highly metastatic cancer.