Pentaerythrityl tetranitrate improves the outcome of children born to mothers with compromised uterine perfusion—12-months follow-up and safety data of the double-blind randomized PETN trial

• Published in: American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM Vol. 6; no. 4; p. 101332
• Main Authors: Groten, Tanja, Lehmann, Thomas, Städtler, Mariann, Komar, Matej, Winkler, Jennifer Lucia, Condic, Mateja, Strizek, Brigitte, Seeger, Sven, Jäger, Yvonne, Pecks, Ulrich, Eckmann-Scholz, Christel, Kagan, Karl Oliver, Hoopmann, Markus, von Kaisenberg, Constantin S., Hertel, Bettina, Tauscher, Anne, Schrey-Petersen, Susanne, Friebe-Hoffmann, Ulrike, Lato, Krisztian, Hübener, Christoph, Delius, Maria, Verlohren, Stefan, Sroka, Dorota, Schlembach, Dietmar, de Vries, Laura, Kraft, Katrina, Seliger, Gregor, Schleußner, Ekkehard
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.04.2024
• Subjects: Double-Blind Method; Female; fetal growth restriction; Fetal Growth Retardation - epidemiology; follow-up at the age of 12 months; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal - statistics & numerical data; Male; pentaerythritol tetranitrate; Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate - administration & dosage; Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate - adverse effects; Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate - pharmacology; Perinatal Death - prevention & control; Placental Circulation - physiology; placental insufficiency; placental perfusion; Pregnancy; preterm birth; preterm birth; fetal growth restriction; follow-up at the age of 12 months; placental perfusion; placental insufficiency; pentaerythritol tetranitrate
• ISSN: 2589-9333; 2589-9333
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2024.101332

This is a follow-up study to the pentaerythrityl tetranitrate randomized controlled multicenter trial that reports neonatal outcome data of newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care units and outcome data of the offspring at 12 months of age. We present data on adverse events reported during the study to document the safety of pentaerythrityl tetranitrate treatment during pregnancy. To further evaluate the effects of pentaerythrityl tetranitrate on neonatal and long-term outcomes, we present follow up data from of 240 children at 12 months of age, including information on height, weight, head circumference, developmental milestones, and the presence of chronic disease and of 144 newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit during the trial. The pentaerythrityl tetranitrate trial was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study designed to assess the efficacy and safety of the nitric oxide-donor pentaerythrityl tetranitrate in the prevention of fetal growth restriction and perinatal death in pregnancies complicated by abnormal placental perfusion. Results at 12 months demonstrated that significantly more children were age appropriately developed without impairments in the pentaerythrityl tetranitrate group (P=.018). In addition, the presence of chronic disease was lower in the pentaerythrityl tetranitrate group (P=.041). Outcome data of the 144 newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit did not reveal differences between the treatment and placebo groups. There were no differences in the number or nature of reported adverse events between the study groups. The analysis shows that study children born in the pentaerythrityl tetranitrate cohort have a clear advantage compared with the placebo group at the age of 12 months, as evidenced by the increased incidence of normal development without the presence of chronic disease. Although safety has been proven, further follow-up studies are necessary to justify pentaerythrityl tetranitrate treatment during pregnancies complicated by impaired uterine perfusion.