Somatic embryogenesis and morphogenesis in callus derived from the epiblast of immature embryos of wheat ( Triticum aestivum)

• Published in: Plant science (Limerick) Vol. 45; no. 2; pp. 119 - 124
• Main Authors: He, D.G., Tanner, G., Scott, K.J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Shannon Elsevier Ireland Ltd 1986; Elsevier Science
• Subjects: Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; Biological and medical sciences; callus; cultivars; Economic plant physiology; embryo (plant); embryo culture; epiblast; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; immature embryo; In vitro culture; Plant physiology and development; regenerative ability; somatic embryogenesis; tissue culture; Tissue cultures, protoplasts; trials; Triticum aestivum; wheat; BAP; 2,4-D; immature embryo; somatic embryogenesis; wheat; Triticum aestivum; epiblast; embryo culture; Scanning electron microscopy; Monocotyledones; Callus; Embryo; Gramineae; Ultrastructure; Angiospermae; Tissue culture; Spermatophyta; Cereal crop; Somatic embryo
• ISSN: 0168-9452; 1873-2259
• DOI: 10.1016/0168-9452(86)90047-6

Factors affecting the formation of embryogenic callus from the epiblast of immature embryos of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) are described. Embryos were incubated on a modifed Murashige and Skoog medium with the scutellum in contact with medium. Callus formation from the epiblast was affected by the type of cultivar used, the stage of embryo development, and the concentration of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in the culture medium. The number of embryos forming embryogenic callus ranged from 10% to 72%, depending on the cultivar. Embryo development was classified into five distinct morphological stages and higher yields of callus were produced using embryos excised at stages II and III. Concentrations of 2,4-D higher than 1 μM were required for the formation of embryogenic callus. Epiblast callus gave rise to embryoids which differentiated into multiple plants at a high frequency when placed on hormone-free medium.