Babesia bigemina, Babesia argentina, and Anaplasma marginale: Coinfectious immunity in bovines

• Published in: Experimental parasitology Vol. 37; no. 2; pp. 179 - 192
• Main Authors: Todorovic, R.A., Gonzalez, E.F., Adams, L.G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.04.1975
• Subjects: Anaplasma - immunology; Anaplasma marginale; Anaplasmosis - complications; Anaplasmosis - drug therapy; Anaplasmosis - immunology; Anemia - veterinary; Animals; Babesia - immunology; Babesia argentina; Babesia bigemina; Babesiosis - complications; Babesiosis - drug therapy; Babesiosis - immunology; Boophilus microplus; Carbanilides - therapeutic use; Cattle; Cattle Diseases - drug therapy; Cattle Diseases - immunology; Chemotherapy; Coinfectious immunity; Complement Fixation Tests; Complement-fixation test; Dermacentor nitens; Glyoxal - analogs & derivatives; Glyoxal - therapeutic use; Hematocrit; Hemotropic diseases; Imidazoles - therapeutic use; Injections, Intramuscular; Male; Oxytetracycline - therapeutic use; Splenectomy; Thiosemicarbazones - therapeutic use; Ticks; Ticks - parasitology; Vaccination; Vaccination - veterinary; Babesia argentina; Vaccination; Ticks; Dermacentor nitens; Anaplasma marginale; Splenectomy; Babesia bigemina; Coinfectious immunity; Chemotherapy; Cattle; Boophilus microplus; Hemotropic diseases; Complement-fixation test
• ISSN: 0014-4894; 1090-2449
• DOI: 10.1016/0014-4894(75)90069-7

Forty-eight intact and eight splenectomized cattle were used to evaluate different systems of coinfectious immunization against Babesia bigemina, Babesia argentina, and Anaplasma marginale. Coinfectious immunity was induced by two methods: (1) blood of cattle acutely infected with B. bigemina, B. argentina and A. marginale was used as the source of inoculum and the post vaccination reactions were chemotherapeutically controlled with Imidocarb, Ganaseg, Gloxazone, and Liquamycin, and (2) by artificially inducing babesiosis with the blood of carrier cattle with chronic infections of B. bigemina and B. argentina without chemotherapy. The degree of resistance was determined by bloodborne and tick-borne challenges. Ticks were collected from cattle and identified as Boophilus microplus and Dermacentor nitens. Vaccinated cattle demonstrated a high degree of resistance to babesiosis and anaplasmosis; however, cattle without coinfectious immunity were treated chemotherapeutically to prevent death losses.