Minocycline incorporated cobalt oxide nanoparticles in dental sealants: An in vitro study

• Published in: Microscopy research and technique Vol. 85; no. 7; pp. 2558 - 2566
• Main Authors: Alkheraif, Abdulaziz Abdullah, AlMufareh, Nawaf Abdulrahman, AlQhtani, Faisal A., Asiri, Waleed, Abuhadi, Roaa Ibrahim, Hamoud, Majed, Khan, Aftab Ahmed
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.07.2022; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Antibiotics; Biocompatibility; Biofilms; Carbon monoxide; Cobalt; cobalt oxide nanoparticles; Cobalt oxides; Compressive strength; Dental caries; Dental sealants; Flexural strength; Mechanical properties; Microleakage; Minocycline; Nanoparticles; pH effects; Physiochemistry; pit and fissure sealants; Sealants; Statistical analysis; Streptococcus sobrinus; pit and fissure sealants; minocycline; Streptococcus sobrinus; cobalt oxide nanoparticles
• ISSN: 1059-910X; 1097-0029
• DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24109

The purpose of this study was to introduce antibacterial property to pits and fissure sealant (PFS) in order to mitigate the major clinical problems associated with PFS, such as microleakage and secondary caries. We prepared a pH reliant cobalt oxide nanoparticle incorporated with minocycline (MNC@CO) and characterized to investigate its antibacterial potential against Streptococcus sobrinus. The physiochemical, morphological, and drug release kinetics at different pH (7.4, 5.0, and 3.5) from nanoparticles were investigated. The MNC@CO were added at 2.5% and 5.0% into experimental PFS and characterized for their antibiofilm capacity, biocompatibility, and mechanical properties including compressive and flexural strength. The groups 2.5% and 5.0% has shown statistically significant antimicrobial capacity against S. sobrinus compared to control (p < .05). The highest percentage of MNC release at different pH (especially at pH 5.0 and 3.5) was observed from 5.0% MNC@CO doped PFS. The PFS doped with 2.5% MNC@CO showed a highest compressive strength (110 MPa) over a period of 70 days as compared to 5.0% MNC@CO (75 MPa) and control (80 MPa). The flexural strength of both experimental groups was lower for both time points (24 h and 30 days) than control. In conclusion, the present study found that 2.5% MNC@CO doped PFS showed considerable anti‐biofilm potential without compromising mechanical properties. MNC@CO showed substantial drug release at low pH. MNC@CO demonstrated promising antibiofilm properties against Streptococcus sobrinus Appropriate concentration of 2.5% MNC@CO doped PFS could enhance both antibacterial and mechanical properties Graphical showing conceptualization of the study. The MNC is released from CO under low pH. The modified MNC@CO is incorporated in the commercial pits and fissure sealant for antibacterial use.