Labor pain in women with and without severe fear of childbirth: A population‐based, longitudinal study

• Published in: Birth (Berkeley, Calif.) Vol. 45; no. 4; pp. 469 - 477
• Main Authors: Junge, Carolin, von Soest, Tilmann, Weidner, Kerstin, Seidler, Andreas, Eberhard‐Gran, Malin, Garthus‐Niegel, Susan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.12.2018
• Subjects: Analysis of covariance; Anesthesia; Anxiety; Childbirth & labor; Epidural; Fear & phobias; fear of childbirth; Health psychology; Health status; labor pain; Longitudinal studies; Maternal characteristics; Maternal depression; maternal mental health; Menstruation; Mental health; Nitrous oxide; Pain; Population-based studies; Postpartum depression; Postpartum women; Psychological aspects; Questionnaires; risk factors; Symptoms; Womens health; risk factors; maternal mental health; fear of childbirth; labor pain
• ISSN: 0730-7659; 1523-536X
• DOI: 10.1111/birt.12349

Background This prospective study aims to investigate whether severe fear of childbirth increases pain perceptions during birth and whether co‐occurring maternal health and birth factors as well as length and weight of the child explain the association. Methods The study sample comprised women with a vaginal delivery and was drawn from the Akershus Birth Cohort. Data from the hospital birth's record and questionnaires at weeks 17‐19 and 32 of pregnancy and 8 weeks postpartum were used (n = 1649). Analysis of variance and analysis of covariance were conducted to examine whether ratings of labor pain differed significantly between women with and without severe fear of childbirth and which factors explained the difference. Results Women with severe fear of childbirth experienced significantly more labor pain than women without severe fear of childbirth (P < .01). However, when controlling for symptoms of maternal depression and anxiety, use of epidural/spinal anesthetic or nitrous oxide gas, and menstrual pain, this difference was no longer significant (P = .09). Discussion Although the results show that labor pain is related to multiple physiological and psychological factors in a complex manner, symptoms of maternal depression and anxiety seem to play a central role for the experience of labor pain, and should therefore be focused on by health practitioners.