Cotyledon‐Specific Flow Evaluation of Rhesus Macaque Placental Injury Using Ferumoxytol Dynamic Contrast‐Enhanced MRI

• Published in: Journal of magnetic resonance imaging Vol. 60; no. 5; pp. 2196 - 2204
• Main Authors: Chen, Ruiming, Seiter, Daniel, Keding, Logan T., Vazquez, Jessica, Antony, Kathleen M., Simmons, Heather A., Basu, Puja, Mejia, Andres F., Johnson, Kevin M., Stanic, Aleksandar K., Liu, Ruo‐Yu, Shah, Dinesh M., Golos, Thaddeus G., Wieben, Oliver
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.11.2024; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Animal models; Animals; Blood flow; Contrast agents; Contrast Media; DCE MRI; Feasibility studies; Female; Ferrosoferric Oxide; ferumoxytol; Fetuses; Field strength; Functional analysis; Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Histopathology; Image processing; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted - methods; Image segmentation; Injuries; Injury analysis; Macaca mulatta; Magnetic resonance imaging; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods; Medical imaging; Monocyte chemoattractant protein; Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; Monocytes; Necrosis; Placenta; Placenta - diagnostic imaging; placental flow; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies; Specific volume; Statistical analysis; Statistical tests; Structure-function relationships; Visual observation; placenta; DCE MRI; placental flow; ferumoxytol
• ISSN: 1053-1807; 1522-2586; 1522-2586
• DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29291

Background Recently, dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) MRI with ferumoxytol as contrast agent has recently been introduced for the noninvasive assessment of placental structure and function throughout. However, it has not been demonstrated under pathological conditions. Purpose To measure cotyledon‐specific rhesus macaque maternal placental blood flow using ferumoxytol DCE MRI in a novel animal model for local placental injury. Study Type Prospective animal model. Subjects Placental injections of Tisseel (three with 0.5 mL and two with 1.5 mL), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (three with 100 μg), and three with saline as controls were performed in a total of 11 rhesus macaque pregnancies at approximate gestational day (GD 101). DCE MRI scans were performed prior (GD 100) and after (GD 115 and GD 145) the injection (term = GD 165). Field Strength/Sequence 3 T, T1‐weighted spoiled gradient echo sequence (product sequence, DISCO). Assessment Source images were inspected for motion artefacts from the mother or fetus. Placenta segmentation and DCE processing were performed for the dynamic image series to measure cotyledon specific volume, flow, and normalized flow. Overall placental histopathology was conducted for controls, Tisseel, and MCP‐1 animals and regions of tissue infarctions and necrosis were documented. Visual inspections for potential necrotic tissue were conducted for the two Tisseelx3 animals. Statistical Tests Wilcoxon rank sum test, significance level P < 0.05. Results No motion artefacts were observed. For the group treated with 1.5 mL of Tisseel, significantly lower cotyledon volume, flow, and normalized flow per cotyledon were observed for the third gestational time point of imaging (day ~145), with mean normalized flow of 0.53 minute−1. Preliminary histopathological analysis shows areas of tissue necrosis from a selected cotyledon in one Tisseel‐treated (single dose) animal and both Tisseelx3 (triple dose) animals. Data Conclusion This study demonstrates the feasibility of cotyledon‐specific functional analysis at multiple gestational time points and injury detection in a placental rhesus macaque model through ferumoxytol‐enhanced DCE MRI. Level of Evidence NA Technical Efficacy Stage 2