Usability of soapwort and horse chestnut saponin extracts as foaming agents in foam mat drying of pomegranate juice

• Published in: Journal of the science of food and agriculture Vol. 101; no. 2; pp. 786 - 793
• Main Authors: Aktas, Rumeysa Nur, Tontul, Ismail
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chichester, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 30.01.2021; John Wiley and Sons, Limited
• Subjects: Aesculus - chemistry; Anthocyanins; Antioxidants; Ascorbic acid; Carboxymethyl cellulose; Carboxymethylcellulose; Cellulose; Desiccants; Desiccation; Drying; foam mat drying; Foaming; Foaming agents; foaming properties; Food Additives - chemistry; Fruit - chemistry; Fruit and Vegetable Juices - analysis; Glucosides; Horses; Juices; Low concentrations; Moisture content; Phenols; Plant Extracts - analysis; Pomegranate - chemistry; pomegranate powder; Powders - chemistry; Saponaria; Saponaria - chemistry; saponin; Saponins; Saponins - chemistry; Spreading; stabilization; Stabilizers (agents); Temperature; Thickness; Usability; Water activity; Water content; pomegranate powder; stabilization; foaming properties; foam mat drying; saponin
• ISSN: 0022-5142; 1097-0010
• DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10770

BACKGROUND This study evaluated the usability of saponin‐rich extracts (soapwort and horse chestnut) as a foaming agent for foam mat drying of pomegranate juice. RESULTS According to the foaming and stabilization studies, the optimum conditions were determined as 0.4% of soapwort extract, 0.03% of carboxymethyl cellulose as a stabilizer, and 3 min of whipping time. The foams produced using these conditions were dried at different spreading thicknesses and drying temperatures. The results showed that the thicker spreading thicknesses provided a higher antioxidant activity. On the other hand, drying temperature had a significant effect on all measured parameters except moisture content and water activity. The higher drying temperature caused a greater colour change and a lower content of total phenolics, total monomeric anthocyanins, cyanidin‐3‐glucoside, and delphinidin‐3‐glucoside. On the other hand, a higher content of ascorbic acid and better antioxidant activity was determined in the samples dried at 70 °C. CONCLUSION According to the results obtained, spreading thickness of 2 mm and drying temperature of 70 °C were suggested for pomegranate juice powder production by foam mat drying. Overall, it was demonstrated that saponin‐rich extracts are a good foaming agent alternative that provides foaming at very low concentrations and a product with high quality. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry