Assessment of licit and illicit drugs consumption during pregnancy by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) target screening in Mexican women hair

• Published in: Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis Vol. 211; p. 114607
• Main Authors: Marchei, Emilia, Rotolo, Maria Concetta, Mannocchi, Giulio, Capomassi, Angelica, Gómez-Ruiz, Larissa-María, Acosta-López, Aracely, Ramos-Gutiérrez, Ruth-Yesica, Varela-Busaka, Mary-Buhya, Pichini, Simona, García-Algar, Óscar
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier B.V 20.03.2022
• Subjects: Biomarkers; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods; Female; Hair - chemistry; Hair testing; Humans; Illicit Drugs - analysis; Mass Spectrometry; Pregnancy; Psychoactive substances; Substance Abuse Detection - methods; Substance-Related Disorders; UHPLC-HRMS; Pregnancy; Psychoactive substances; Biomarkers; Hair testing; UHPLC-HRMS
• ISSN: 0731-7085; 1873-264X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114607

•UHPLC-HRMS method was optimized to screen xenobiotics in hair samples.•The method was successfully applied to hair samples from Mexican pregnant women.•Hair testing objectively assesses gestational drugs consumption.•Methamphetamine and THC were the most prevalent drugs in the examined cohort. Substance use in pregnancy is a global public health problem, both in developed and developing countries. Whereas information is available for major western countries, scarce data are present for the second ones. The objective assessment of pregnancy consumption of xenobiotic is provided by analysis of maternal hair, which can account for gestational consumption, given the possibility to analyze 9 cm hair corresponding to the pregnancy months. Here, we describe an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) method used as screening analysis of classic drugs, new psychoactive substances and medications in hair from a cohort of pregnant Mexican women. The UHPLC-HRMS method included Accucore™ phenyl Hexyl (100 × 2.1 mm, 2.6 µm, Thermo, USA) column with a gradient mobile phase and a full-scan data-dependent MS2 (ddMS2) mode for substances identification (mass range 100–750 m/z). Results from the first 100 samples disclosed the presence of several undeclared and declared psychoactive substances and medications, being methamphetamine and paracetamol the most prevalent ones found in 20% and 43% cases, respectively. In addition, biomarkers of cannabis and tobacco use as well as those of antihistamines and antiemetic drugs were also prevalent. Albeit preliminary, these data confirm the feasibility of hair screening by UHPLC-HRMS to objectively assess xenobiotic consumption in pregnant women with consequent risk of fetal exposure to toxic substances.