Sleep from Infancy Through Adolescence

This article describes the changes in normal sleep regulation, structure, and organization and sleep-related changes in respiration from infancy to adolescence. The first 2 years of age are striking, with more time asleep than awake. With development, the electroencephalogram architecture has a mark...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inSleep medicine clinics Vol. 18; no. 2; p. 123
Main Authors Zandieh, Stephanie O, Johnson, Sheryl, Katz, Eliot S
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States 01.06.2023
Subjects
Adolescent
Child
Humans
Infant
Respiration
Sleep - physiology
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
Sleep, REM
Wakefulness
Sleep
School-aged children
Sleep efficiency
Sleep timing
Infant
Toddler
Adolescents
Sleep duration
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Summary:This article describes the changes in normal sleep regulation, structure, and organization and sleep-related changes in respiration from infancy to adolescence. The first 2 years of age are striking, with more time asleep than awake. With development, the electroencephalogram architecture has a marked reduction in rapid eye movement sleep and the acquisition of K-complexes, sleep spindles, and slow-wave sleep. During adolescence there is a reduction in slow-wave sleep and a delay in the circadian phase. Infants have a more collapsible upper airway and lower lung volumes than older children, which predisposes them to obstructive sleep apnea and sleep-related hypoxemia.
ISSN:1556-4088
DOI:10.1016/j.jsmc.2023.01.007