Novel potential functions of amoeboid cells in thraustochytrids revealed by Aurantiochytrium limacinum BL10

• Published in: European journal of protistology Vol. 82; p. 125860
• Main Authors: Chou, Szu-Cheng, Su, Yu-Ming, Liu, Tsunglin, Li, Zhen-Wei, Liao, Hung-En, Renta, Person Pesona, Chen, Yi-Min
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany Elsevier GmbH 01.02.2022
• Subjects: Amoeba; Amoeboid cell; Amoeboid movement; Aurantiochytrium; Culture Media; Microbial social behavior; Stramenopiles; Thraustochytrid; Amoeboid movement; Thraustochytrid; Aurantiochytrium; Amoeboid cell; Microbial social behavior
• ISSN: 0932-4739; 1618-0429
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2021.125860

•Amoeboid cell formation and migration increases the tendency of BL10 to compete for space.•Low dissolved oxygen levels favor amoeboid cell formation in BL10 culture.•BL10 employs coordinated regulation of cell differentiation as a population-growth strategy. The current study investigated the potential functions of amoeboid cell formation and migration in a thraustochytrid strain, Aurantiochytrium limacinum BL10. Our results showed that: (1) When the surface of an agar plate was inoculated with BL10, amoeboid cells mainly emerged on the periphery of isolated colonies. The amoeboid cells then migrated outwards to form small vegetative cell clusters, which favored rapid colony expansion. In addition, amoeboid cells were capable of self-recognition (i.e. they were able to distinguish BL10 from other thraustochytrid species), and could choose whether to evade (self colonies) or approach (non-self colonies). These observations indicated that amoeboid cells were employed by BL10 to help colonize empty territories and to outcompete other thraustochytrid species in previously colonized territories. (2) When the agar medium was soft, amoeboid cells were able to penetrate the surface and migrate throughout, thereby allowing BL10 to colonize the interior of the solid matrix. This finding suggested that amoeboid cell formation and migration may help Aurantiochytrium colonize the interior of solid matrices to obtain additional nutrients and spatial resources. The mechanisms underlying the regulation of amoeboid cell formation and migration as well as the extraordinary microbial social behaviors of BL10 are also discussed in this article.