Controlled nanosheet morphology of titanium carbide Ti3C2Tx MXene via drying methods and its electrochemical analysis

• Published in: Journal of solid state electrochemistry Vol. 24; no. 3; pp. 675 - 686
• Main Authors: Pan, XinHui, Shinde, Nanasaheb M, Lee, Myungwon, Kim, Donghyun, Kim, Kwang Ho, Kang, Myungchang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.03.2020; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Analytical Chemistry; Arrays; Capacitance; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Condensed Matter Physics; Drying; Electrochemical analysis; Electrochemistry; Electrodes; Energy Storage; Flux density; Low temperature; Morphology; MXenes; Nanosheets; Original Paper; Physical Chemistry; Stability; Supercapacitors; Titanium carbide; Energy and power density; Freeze–drying; Nanosheet; Supercapacitor device; MXene
• ISSN: 1432-8488; 1433-0768
• DOI: 10.1007/s10008-020-04495-4

The different temperature drying processes were carried out at −60 °C, 15 °C, and 60 °C to control the nanosheet morphology of MXene matrix. The MXene electrode prepared at −60 °C (denoted as LT-Ti 3 C 2 T x ) produced more nanosheet arrays than those with drying temperatures of 15 °C and 60 °C (denoted as RT-Ti 3 C 2 T x and HT-Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene electrodes, respectively). The results of BET and electrochemical measurements show that the specific surface area and capacitance initially decrease and then increase with the change in nanosheet layers in MXene. Among these prepared electrodes, LT-Ti 3 C 2 T x , with a well-controlled nanosheet array, showed outstanding specific capacitance (Cs) of 467.4 F g −1 at current density of 0.5 A g −1 , and 98.13% stability after 5000 cycles. Furthermore, an LT-Ti 3 C 2 T x // LT-Ti 3 C 2 T x symmetric supercapacitor device (SSD) was assembled, employing the LT-Ti 3 C 2 T x with a well-controlled nanosheet acting as both anode and cathode. The SSD exhibited high energy density of 5.67 Wh kg −1 at power density of 589.09 W kg −1 , and long cycle life electrochemical stability of 99.9% after 5000 cycles. These promising results show that MXene electrodes prepared by low-temperature drying (i.e. –60 °C) may be useful for supercapacitor applications.