Cigarette smoking and diabetes

Smokers are insulin resistant, exhibit several aspects of the insulin resistance syndrome, and are at an increased risk for type 2 diabetes. Prospectively, the increased risk for diabetes in smoking men and women is around 50%. Many patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus are at risk for m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inProgress in cardiovascular diseases Vol. 45; no. 5; pp. 405 - 413
Main Author Eliasson, Björn
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier Inc 2003
Subjects
adverse effects
Diabetes Complications
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetic Angiopathies
Diabetic Nephropathies
Diabetic Neuropathies
drug effects
Endocrinology and Diabetes
Endokrinologi och diabetes
etiology
Female
Humans
Insulin Resistance
Male
metabolism
Microcirculation
Nicotine
Nicotinic Agonists
physiopathology
Risk Factors
Smoking
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Summary:Smokers are insulin resistant, exhibit several aspects of the insulin resistance syndrome, and are at an increased risk for type 2 diabetes. Prospectively, the increased risk for diabetes in smoking men and women is around 50%. Many patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus are at risk for micro- and macrovascular complications. Cigarette smoking increases this risk for diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy, probably via its metabolic effects in combination with increased inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. This association is strongest in type 1 diabetic patients. The increased risk for macrovascular complications, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and peripheral vascular disease, is most pronounced in type 2 diabetic patients. The development of type 2 diabetes is another possible consequence of cigarette smoking, besides the better-known increased risk for cardiovascular disease. In diabetes care, smoking cessation is of utmost importance to facilitate glycemic control and limit the development of diabetic complications. Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
ISSN:0033-0620
1532-8643
DOI:10.1053/pcad.2003.00103