Yellow leaf syndrome modifies the composition of sugarcane juices in polysaccharides, phenols and polyamines

• Published in: Plant physiology and biochemistry Vol. 41; no. 11; pp. 1027 - 1036
• Main Authors: Fontaniella, Blanca, Vicente, Carlos, Legaz, María Estrella, de Armas, Roberto, Rodríguez, Carlos Walfrido, Martínez, Maritza, Piñón, Dolores, Acevedo, Ricardo, Solas, María Teresa
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Paris Elsevier Masson SAS 01.11.2003; Elsevier
• Subjects: ACIDE PHÉNOLIQUE; Biological and medical sciences; FAISCEAU VASCULAIRE; FEUILLE; FITOPLASMAS; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; HACES VASCULARES; HOJAS; HYBRIDE; HYBRIDS; HÍBRIDOS; Leaf ultrastructure; LEAVES; PHENOLIC ACIDS; Physiological diseases. Varia; Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection; Phytoplasma, Polyamines; PHYTOPLASMAS; PHYTOPLASME; POLIAMINAS; POLYAMINE; POLYAMINES; SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM; ULTAESTRUCTURA; ULTRASTRUCTURE; VASCULAR BUNDLES; Yellow leaf syndrome; ÁCIDOS FENOLITOS; Yellow leaf syndrome; SPD; LDC; ScYLV; S-PA; Phenolic acids; ODC; PALP; SPM; SH-PA; Leaf ultrastructure; HPLC; I.D; MMMG; ScYP; YLS; CAD; PA(s); EDTA; PH-PA; PUT; PCA; TCA; Saccharum officinarum; HMMG; Phytoplasma, Polyamines; Monocotyledones; Production quality; Sucrose; Leaf ultrastructure; Phenolic acids; Phytoplasma; Arginase; Lyases; Glucose; Putrescine; Cinnamic acid(4-hydroxy 3-methoxy); Enzymatic activity; Gramineae; Carboxy-lyases; Spermidine; Angiospermae; Chemical composition; Polyamines; Saccharum officinarum; Yellow leaf syndrome; Cadaverine; Polyamine; Enzyme; Glycoprotein; Sugar juice; Chlorogenic acid; Plant leaf; Ornithine decarboxylase; Sugar plant; Yellowing; Reducing sugar; Carbon-carbon lyases; Phenol; Spermine; Hydrolases; Spermatophyta; Conjugated compound; Polysaccharide; Physiological disorder
• ISSN: 0981-9428; 1873-2690
• DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2003.09.004

Some ultrastructural changes can be observed in diseased Saccharum officinarum L. (cv. Cuba 120-78) plants with visual symptoms of yellow leaf syndrome (YLS), used to discriminate between healthy and diseased plants. Abaxial epidermis of diseased leaves shows a large amount of adhered superficial bodies, which partially occluded some stomata. Bundle sheath cells surrounding the bottom of phloem of diseased leaves are separated from the conducting tissues by a large layer of an amorphous matrix similar to wax. Debris of the end wall can be observed in large xylem vessels. Sometimes, spherical bodies similar to phytoplasma can be observed in the intercellular spaces of bundle sheath cells. These particles have never been observed in healthy plants. YLS was also associated to an increase of the concentration of reducing sugars, glucose index, and glycoproteins recovered in juices whereas the amount of sucrose decreases. Sugarcane juices obtained from both healthy and YLS-affected Cuba 120-78 cultivars of sugarcane contained putrescine (PUT), cadaverine (CAD), spermidine and spermine (SPM) as free and macromolecules-conjugated compounds. Only CAD and SPM appeared as acid-soluble conjugates to small molecules whereas PUT and CAD are the major polyamines (PAs) conjugated to macromolecules, mainly to high molecular mass glycoproteins. The disease was associated to an increase in total PA fraction. Arginase and ornithine decarboxylase activities, responsible for the synthesis of PUT, were higher in YLS juices than in those obtained from healthy plants. CAD and SPM presumably conjugated mostly to chlorogenic, syringic and ferulic acids in juices from YLS plants.