Comparison of peri-implant clinical and radiographic inflammatory parameters and whole salivary destructive inflammatory cytokine profile among obese and non-obese men

• Published in: Cytokine (Philadelphia, Pa.) Vol. 88; pp. 51 - 56
• Main Authors: Abduljabbar, Tariq, Al-Sahaly, Faisal, Kellesarian, Sergio Varela, Kellesarian, Tammy Varela, Al-Anazi, Mohammed, Al-Khathami, Mohammed, Javed, Fawad, Vohra, Fahim
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.12.2016
• Subjects: Adult; Alveolar Bone Loss - metabolism; Alveolar Bone Loss - pathology; Bleeding on probing; Bone loss; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cytokine; Dental implant; Dental Implants - adverse effects; Humans; Inflammation; Inflammation - metabolism; Inflammation - pathology; Interleukin-1beta - metabolism; Interleukin-6 - metabolism; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Obesity - metabolism; Obesity - pathology; Retrospective Studies; Saliva - metabolism; Salivary Proteins and Peptides - metabolism; Bleeding on probing; Obesity; Inflammation; Bone loss; Dental implant; Cytokine
• ISSN: 1043-4666; 1096-0023; 1096-0023
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.08.017

•Scores for Probing depth and bone loss were higher in obese individuals.•IL-1B and IL-6 levels were higher among obese than non obese individuals.•Obese patients are at a greater risk of peri-implant inflammation than non obese healthy subjects. The aim of the present cross-sectional retrospective study was to compare the peri-implant clinical and radiographic inflammatory parameters and whole salivary destructive inflammatory cytokine profile among obese and non-obese men. Thirty-five obese and 37 non-obese men were included. Information regarding age, obesity, systemic health status, and habits was collected using a questionnaire. Clinical examination to evaluate peri-implant parameters and radiographic examination to assess marginal bone loss were conducted. Levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β in collected un-stimulated whole saliva were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data was statistically analyzed using Kruskal Wallis test. The mean scores of peri-implant bleeding on probing (P<0.05) and peri-implant probing depth (P<0.05) were significantly higher among obese compared with non-obese individuals. The mean marginal bone loss was also statistically significantly higher among individuals in the test-group compared with the control-group (P<0.05). Whole salivary IL-1β (P<0.001) and IL-6 (P<0.001) levels were significantly higher among individuals in the test-group compared with the control-group. Clinical and radiographic peri-implant inflammatory parameters were worse, and whole salivary IL-6 and IL-1β were higher in obese than non-obese subjects. Obese patients are at greater risk of peri-implant inflammation than non-obese healthy subjects. It is highly recommended that clinicians should educate obese patients seeking implant treatment regarding the association between obesity and peri-implant inflammation. In addition, obese patients with osseointegrated implants must follow strict oral hygiene regimen to prevent inflammation and maintain optimum peri-implant tissue health.