Evaluation of the immune responses of biological adjuvant bivalent vaccine with three different insertion modes for ND and IBD

• Published in: Virulence Vol. 15; no. 1; p. 2387181
• Main Authors: Sun, Wenying, Li, Shuang, Niu, Dun, Qin, Ruihan, Li, Huimin, Xue, Zhiqiang, Guo, Yunpeng, Liu, Jinmiao, Liu, Yijia, Jiang, Xinghao, Yin, Jiechao, Guo, Xiaochen, Ren, Guiping
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Taylor & Francis 01.12.2024; Taylor & Francis Group
• Subjects: Adjuvants, Immunologic - administration & dosage; Adjuvants, Vaccine; Animals; Antibodies, Viral - blood; biological adjuvant bivalent vaccine; Birnaviridae Infections - immunology; Birnaviridae Infections - prevention & control; Birnaviridae Infections - veterinary; Chickens; different insertion sites of NDV; Immunity, Cellular; Immunity, Humoral; Infectious bursal disease; Infectious bursal disease virus - genetics; Infectious bursal disease virus - immunology; live vector vaccine; Newcastle disease; Newcastle Disease - immunology; Newcastle Disease - prevention & control; Newcastle disease virus - genetics; Newcastle disease virus - immunology; Poultry Diseases - immunology; Poultry Diseases - prevention & control; Poultry Diseases - virology; Vaccination; Viral Vaccines - immunology; biological adjuvant bivalent vaccine; Newcastle disease; Infectious bursal disease; different insertion sites of NDV; live vector vaccine
• ISSN: 2150-5594; 2150-5608; 2150-5608
• DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2387181

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a widespread problem in the poultry industry, and vaccination is the primary preventive method. However, moderately virulent vaccines may damage the bursa, necessitating the development of a safe and effective vaccine. The Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has been explored as a vector for vaccine development. In this study, reverse genetic technology was used to obtain three recombinant viruses, namely, rClone30-VP2L (P/M)-chGM-CSF (NP), rClone30-chGM-CSF (P/M)-VP2L (NP), and rClone30-VP2L-chGM-CSF (P/M). Animal experiments showed that the three biological adjuvant bivalent vaccines effectively increased anti-NDV and anti-infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) titres, enhancing both humoral and cellular immune responses in chickens without leading to any harm. Amongst the three biological adjuvant bivalent vaccines, the rClone30-chGM-CSF (P/M)-VP2L (NP) group had higher levels of anti-NDV antibodies at 14 days after the first immunization and stimulated a greater humoral immune response in 7-10 days. While, the rClone30-VP2L (P/M)-chGM-CSF (NP) group was the most effective in producing a higher level of IBDV antibody response. In conclusion, these three vaccines can induce immune responses more rapidly and effectively, streamline production processes, be cost-effective, and provide a new avenue for the development of Newcastle disease (ND) and IBD bivalent vaccines.