Prevalence and predictors of abnormal glucose tolerance and its resolution in acromegaly: Single Centre retrospective study of 90 cases

• Published in: Growth hormone & IGF research Vol. 59; p. 101394
• Main Authors: Khaire, Suhas S., Gada, Jugal V., Varthakavi, Premlata K., Bhagwat, Nikhil M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Scotland Elsevier Ltd 01.08.2021
• Subjects: Acromegaly; Acromegaly - pathology; Acromegaly - surgery; Adult; Blood Glucose - analysis; Body Mass Index; Diabetes; Female; Glucose Intolerance - epidemiology; Glucose Intolerance - pathology; Glucose Intolerance - prevention & control; Human Growth Hormone - metabolism; Humans; India - epidemiology; Insulin Resistance; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - metabolism; Male; Predictors of diabetes; Prevalence; Resolution of diabetes; Retrospective Studies; India; GH; RT; Acromegaly; DM; IGF1; IFG; WC; AGT; OAD; Resolution of diabetes; IGT; NGT; Diabetes; Predictors of diabetes; OGTT
• ISSN: 1096-6374; 1532-2238
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2021.101394

Aims The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and predictors of abnormal glucose tolerance (Diabetes + Prediabetes) and its resolution in Acromegaly. Retrospective observational study. Ninety patients with acromegaly and followed up post operatively for 1 year were included. The study cohort was divided into two groups: Group A: abnormal glucose tolerance [AGT: Diabetes + prediabetes (n = 40)] and Group B: normal glucose tolerance (NGT) (n = 50).The impact of the following parameters: age, sex, Waist Circumference(WC), Body Mass Index (BMI), duration of acromegaly, Growth Hormone (GH) levels, Insulin like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1) levels, pituitary tumour size, hypertension, and family history of diabetes as predictors for diabetes were studied pre surgery and post-surgery at 3 months and 1 year affecting glycaemia. Unpaired t-test, chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. The prevalence of AGT in our cohort was 44.44% (Diabetes 37.77%, prediabetes 6.66%).Patients with AGT were older (44.2 ± 12.21 years vs. 34.92 ± 11.62 years; p = 0.00040) and had higher WC (in cm) (91.35 ± 7.87 vs.87.12 ± 6.07; p = 0.005) than NGT. Hypertension and family history of diabetes were significantly more frequent in patients with AGT. GH and IGF1 levels were not significantly different between the groups. On binary logistic regression, Sex (p = 0.0105) (OR = 6.0985), waist circumference (p = 0.0023) (OR = 1.2276) and hypertension (p = 0.0236) (OR = 1.632) were found to be significant predictors of AGT in acromegaly. After surgery 42.5% and 62.5% patients became normoglycemic at 3 months and 1 year respectively. On binary logistic regression there were no predictors for achieving normoglycemia at 3 months or 1 year, however the delta change in GH, BMI and tumour size were significant. The prevalence of AGT was 44.44%. Female sex, WC and hypertension were found to be significant predictors of AGT in acromegaly. Post-surgery normoglycemia was achieved in 42.5% at 3 months and 62.5% at 1 year with no predictors for normalisation of AGT. •The prevalence of diabetes in Acromegaly was 37.77%.•Sex, waist circumference and hypertension are predictors for dysglycemia.•GH/IGF1 levels neither predict the onset or resolution of dysglycemia.•Post-surgery normoglycemia was achieved in 62.5% at 1 year.•Post-Surgery normoglycemia was not dependent on the acromegaly cure status.