CMOS DSB Transmitter With Low TX Noise for UHF RFID Reader System-on-Chip

• Published in: IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques Vol. 58; no. 12; pp. 3467 - 3474
• Main Authors: CHOI, Kyonggon, YOO, Sungchul, KIM, Minsu, KIM, Hyungchul, RYU, Seonghan, KANG, Sanghoon, JUNG, Sungchan, YANG, Youngoo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY IEEE 01.12.2010; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Adaptive bias control; Amplifiers; Applied sciences; Circuit properties; CMOS; CMOS integrated circuits; CMOS passive mixer; CMOS power amplifier (PA); CMOS transmitter (TX) integrated circuit (IC); Design engineering; Design. Technologies. Operation analysis. Testing; Electric, optical and optoelectronic circuits; Electronic circuits; Electronics; Exact sciences and technology; Integrated circuits; Mixers; Noise; Noise levels; Radio frequency identification; Radiocommunications; Radiofrequency identification; Radiolocalization and radionavigation; Readers; RF identification (RFID) reader; Semiconductor electronics. Microelectronics. Optoelectronics. Solid state devices; Semiconductors; Switching circuits; Telecommunications; Telecommunications and information theory; Transistors; Transmitters. Receivers; Noise figure; RF identification (RFID) reader; Upconversion; RFID reader; Transmitter; CMOS transmitter (TX) integrated circuit (IC); Adaptive circuit; Implementation; Optimal design; CMOS power amplifier (PA); UHF wave; Complementary MOS technology; Intermediate frequency; Multistage circuit; Bias circuit; Cost lowering; Multistage method; Low noise circuit; Third order; Mixers (circuits); Power electronics; System on a chip; Intercept point; Linearity; Integrated circuit; Radiofrequency integrated circuits; Power amplifier; Sideband; Adaptive bias control; CMOS passive mixer; Radio frequency identification
• ISSN: 0018-9480; 1557-9670
• DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2010.2076890

This paper presents a new design for a CMOS double-sideband (DSB) RF transmitter (TX) integrated circuit (IC) for UHF RF indentification (RFID) reader system-on-chip. Due to the strong demand for high linearity, low TX noise, and low cost, a CMOS passive up-conversion mixer with an adaptive bias circuit is proposed. High linearity of the passive mixer can be maintained over a wide range of dc levels from the dc-coupled IF signals using the proposed adaptive biasing circuit. A linear two-stage CMOS power amplifier (PA) follows the up-conversion mixer so that the overall third-order output intercept point (OIP3) of the two-stage PA is improved by the optimized design of the first stage in its biasing condition, the cell size, and due to inter-stage matching. The designed TX IC is fabricated using a 0.18-μm standard CMOS process and the implemented passive mixer exhibits a low double-sideband noise figure (DSB NF) of 4 dB and a high OIP3 of 13.3 dBm. The implemented PA exhibits a high-output 1-dB compression point (OP1dB) of 18 dBm, and a clear sweet spot in OIP3 of as high as 36.8 dBm at the two-tone average output power of 10 dBm. The implemented overall TX IC has a size of 960 × 670 × μm 2 and the overall circuit performed with a gain of 17.8 dB, a high OP1dB of 17.6 dBm, an OIP3 of 28 dBm, and has a low DSB NF of 11.2 dB while consuming a biasing current of 58 mA from a 3.3-V supply. The proposed design also satisfies the spectral mask of the RFID standard for an output power of up to 18 dBm for the double-sideband amplitude shift-keying signals.