Extraction of Silica from Sugarcane Bagasse, Cassava Periderm and Maize Stalk: Proximate Analysis and Physico-Chemical Properties of Wastes

• Published in: Waste and biomass valorization Vol. 10; no. 3; pp. 617 - 629
• Main Authors: Adebisi, Jeleel Adekunle, Agunsoye, Johnson Olumuyiwa, Bello, Sefiu Adekunle, Kolawole, Funsho O., Ramakokovhu, Mercy Munyadziwa, Daramola, Michael Olawale, Hassan, Suleiman Bolaji
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 15.03.2019; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Agricultural policy; Agricultural pollution; Agricultural wastes; Agrochemicals; Air pollution; Ash; Ashes; Bagasse; Burning; Cassava; Chemical properties; Corn; Engineering; Environment; Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology; Greenhouse effect; Greenhouse gases; Industrial Pollution Prevention; Optimization; Organic chemistry; Original Paper; Physicochemical properties; Regression analysis; Renewable and Green Energy; Response surface methodology; Roasting; Silica; Silicates; Silicon dioxide; Statistical analysis; Statistics; Sugarcane; Temperature; Thermogravimetric analysis; Waste disposal; Waste Management/Waste Technology; Wastes; Weight loss; Calcination; Cassava periderm; Agricultural wastes; Maize stalk; Proximate analysis; Sugarcane bagasse
• ISSN: 1877-2641; 1877-265X
• DOI: 10.1007/s12649-017-0089-5

Indiscriminate disposal and burning of agricultural wastes constitute environmental pollution and increase in greenhouse gases emission. Renewable nature and availability of agricultural wastes has stimulated researchers to explore “wastes to wealth creation” policy. Three agricultural wastes were investigated for potential use for silica production. Proximate analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), compositional analysis, calcination and statistical analysis were carried out to quantify the ash and establish presence of silica. Response surface methodology was used for statistical analysis of CP calcination. The proximate analysis showed that sugarcane bagasse, cassava periderm and maize stalk ash contents are 1.73, 4.93 and 4.80%, respectively. The EDS results showed that their ashes contain 5.22, 6.10 and 7.01% silicon, respectively. XRF results revealed presence of 38% SiO 2 in CP ash. XRD revealed presence of silica and silicates phases. TGA shows that their calcination temperature must be above 500 °C. Numerical optimization of CP calcination gave optimum condition of 700 °C for 270 min to attain 82% weight loss. Calcination regression equation exhibited high coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.8225. The three wastes contain silica and silicates from which silica could be extracted. Calcination temperature and time have been established to be significant in ash content enhancement.