Exercise in Diabetes Management Maximizing Benefits, Controlling Risks

• Published in: The Physician and sportsmedicine Vol. 27; no. 4; pp. 63 - 76
• Main Authors: White, Russell D., Sherman, Carl, DiNubile, Nicholas A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Taylor & Francis 01.04.1999; McGraw Hill; Vendome Group LLC
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Diabetes; Endocrine glands; Exercise; Fractions; Hypertension; Hypoglycemia; Medical sciences; Patients; Population Distribution; Radiotherapy. Instrumental treatment. Physiotherapy. Reeducation. Rehabilitation, orthophony, crenotherapy. Diet therapy and various other treatments (general aspects); Socialization; Endocrinopathy; Physical exercise; Human; Immunopathology; Indication; Treatment efficiency; Instrumentation therapy; Autoimmune disease; Risk; Review; Insulin; Sport; Insulin dependent diabetes; Complication; Biological effect
• ISSN: 0091-3847; 2326-3660
• DOI: 10.3810/psm.1999.04.787

Exercise is a recommended component of diabetes management. In both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, exercise can increase insulin sensitivity, lower blood glucose, and have positive psychological effects. More markedly in type 2 than in type 1, regular physical activity improves glycemic control, reduces hypertension, and normalizes lipids. Adjustments in insulin dosage, careful blood glucose monitoring, and attention to diet around the time of exercise will help prevent hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, which are common hazards of exercise in type 1 diabetes. Special precautions are necessary for those who have diabetic complications such as retinopathy or peripheral neuropathy.