Low- and high-load resistance training exercise to volitional fatigue generate exercise-induced appetite suppression

• Published in: Appetite Vol. 196; p. 107286
• Main Authors: McCarthy, Seth F., Bornath, Derek P.D., Grisebach, Daniel, Tucker, Jessica A.L., Jarosz, Claudia, Ormond, Sion C., Medeiros, Philip J., Hazell, Tom J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.05.2024
• Subjects: Acylated ghrelin; Appetite - physiology; Appetite Regulation - physiology; Energy Intake - physiology; Food intake; Ghrelin; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; Humans; Hunger; Lactic Acid; Male; Peptide tyrosine tyrosine; Peptide YY; Resistance Training; Strength training; Hunger; Strength training; Food intake; Acylated ghrelin; Glucagon-like peptide 1; Peptide tyrosine tyrosine
• ISSN: 0195-6663; 1095-8304
• DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107286

Research on exercise-induced appetite suppression often does not include resistance training (RT) exercise and only compared matched volumes. To compare the effects of low-load and high-load RT exercise completed to volitional fatigue on appetite-regulation. 11 resistance-trained males (24 ± 2 y) completed 3 sessions in a crossover experimental design: 1) control (CTRL); 2) RT exercise at 30% 1-repetition maximum (RM); and 3) RT exercise at 90% 1-RM. RT sessions consisted of 3 sets of 5 exercises completed to volitional fatigue. Acylated ghrelin, active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), active peptide tyrosine (PYY), lactate, and subjective appetite perceptions were measured pre-exercise, 0-, 60-, and 120-min post-exercise. Energy intake was recorded the day before, of, and after each session. Lactate was elevated following both 30% (0-, 60-, 120-min post-exercise) and 90% (0-, 60-min post-exercise; P < 0.001, d > 3.92) versus CTRL, with 30% greater than 90% (0-min post-exercise; P = 0.011, d = 1.14). Acylated ghrelin was suppressed by 30% (P < 0.007, d > 1.22) and 90% (P < 0.028, d > 0.096) post-exercise versus CTRL, and 30% suppressed concentrations versus 90% (60-min post-exercise; P = 0.032, d = 0.95). There was no effect on PYY (P > 0.171, ηp2 <0.149) though GLP-1 was greater at 60-min post-exercise in 90% (P = 0.052, d = 0.86) versus CTRL. Overall appetite was suppressed 0-min post-exercise following 30% and 90% versus CTRL (P < 0.013, d > 1.10) with no other differences (P > 0.279, d < 0.56). There were no differences in energy intake (P > 0.101, ηp2 <0.319). RT at low- and high-loads to volitional fatigue induced appetite suppression coinciding with changes in acylated ghrelin though limited effects on anorexigenic hormones or free-living energy intake were present.