Wireless propagation in tunnels

• Published in: IEEE antennas & propagation magazine Vol. 49; no. 2; pp. 11 - 26
• Main Authors: Dudley, Donald G., Lienard, Martine, Mahmoud, Samir F., Degauque, Pierre
• Format: Magazine Article Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 01.04.2007; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE); Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
• Subjects: Analytical models; Antennas; Bandwidth; Channels; Complement; Electromagnetic fields; Electromagnetic propagation; Electromagnetic waveguides; Laboratories; Massifs; Mathematical analysis; MIMO; Performance analysis; Rectangular waveguides; Tunnels (transportation); Waveguide theory
• ISSN: 1045-9243; 1536-1225; 1558-4143
• DOI: 10.1109/MAP.2007.376637

In this article, we give a presentation of wireless electromagnetic propagation in tunnels. We discuss in depth the characteristics of multimodal propagation. We show analytical models whereby we are able to study electromagnetic fields in tunnels. To complement the analysis, we give an account of experiments performed in the Channel Tunnel between France and England, and the Massif Central in south-central France. We conclude with a discussion of the results, followed by some comments about bandwidth and the possibility of using multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems to improve communication-channel capacity.