Engineering Graphenes from the Nano- to the Macroscale for Electrochemical Energy Storage

• Published in: Electrochemical energy reviews Vol. 1; no. 2; pp. 139 - 168
• Main Authors: Han, Junwei, Wei, Wei, Zhang, Chen, Tao, Ying, Lv, Wei, Ling, Guowei, Kang, Feiyu, Yang, Quan-Hong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Singapore Springer Singapore 01.06.2018
• Subjects: Catalysis; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Electrochemistry; Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering; Renewable and Green Energy; Review Article; Graphene nanosheets; 81.05.U- Carbon/carbon-based materials; Electrochemical energy storage; 88.80.F- Energy storage technologies; Macroforms; Carbons; Nanostructures
• ISSN: 2520-8489; 2520-8136
• DOI: 10.1007/s41918-018-0006-z

Carbon is a key component in current electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices and plays a crucial role in the improvement in energy and power densities for the future EES devices. As the simplest carbon and the basic unit of all sp 2 carbons, graphene is widely used in EES devices because of its fascinating and outstanding physicochemical properties; however, when assembled in the macroscale, graphene-derived materials do not demonstrate their excellence as individual sheets mostly because of unavoidable stacking. This review proposal shows to engineer graphene nanosheets from the nano- to the macroscale in a well-designed and controllable way and discusses how the performance of the graphene-derived carbons depends on the individual graphene sheets, nanostructures, and macrotextures. Graphene-derived carbons in EES applications are comprehensively reviewed with three representative devices, supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, and lithium–sulfur batteries. The review concludes with a comment on the opportunities and challenges for graphene-derived carbons in the rapidly growing EES research area. Graphical Abstract