Pulmonary tumor embolism in a maintenance hemodialysis patient with hepatocellular carcinoma

• Published in: CEN case reports Vol. 13; no. 2; pp. 121 - 124
• Main Authors: Li, Jing, Zhao, ZhiPeng, Ren, GuangWei, Zhang, LiHong, Wang, Tao
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Singapore Springer Nature Singapore 01.04.2024
• Subjects: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - complications; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - diagnosis; Case Report; Humans; Liver Neoplasms - complications; Lung Neoplasms - complications; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Nephrology; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Pulmonary Embolism - diagnostic imaging; Pulmonary Embolism - etiology; Renal Dialysis - adverse effects; Urology; Contrast-enhanced CT; Tumor thrombi; PET-CT; Maintenance hemodialysis; Pulmonary artery embolism
• ISSN: 2192-4449; 2192-4449
• DOI: 10.1007/s13730-023-00810-w

Patients with chronic kidney disease are already at an increased risk for pulmonary embolism, since loss of renal function rendered a procoagulant state. Further, malignant tumor is a well-established risk factor for pulmonary thromboembolism. Alternatively, occlusion of the pulmonary vasculature by tumor cells per se and associated thrombi may mimic thromboembolic disease. By comparison, however, report of pulmonary tumor embolism (PTE) in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) is exceedingly rare. A less vigilant clinician may have otherwise treated this situation as fluid overload or thromboembolic disorder. We herein described in an MHD patient such an unusual case of PTE, which was diagnosed by contrast-enhanced CT and PET/CT. As such, our work may expand the knowledge reserve of dialysis staffs about this rare complication of malignancy.