First-Line Antituberculosis Drug Concentrations in Infants With HIV and a History of Recent Admission With Severe Pneumonia

• Published in: Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society Vol. 12; no. 11; pp. 581 - 585
• Main Authors: Chabala, Chishala, Jacobs, Tom G, Moraleda, Cinta, Ndaferankhande, John M, Mumbiro, Vivian, Passanduca, Alfeu, Namuziya, Natasha, Nalwanga, Damalie, Musiime, Victor, Ballesteros, Alvaro, Domínguez-Rodríguez, Sara, Chitsamatanga, Moses, Cassia, Uneisse, Nduna, Bwendo, Bramugy, Justina, Sacarlal, Jahit, Madrid, Lola, Nathoo, Kusum J, Colbers, Angela, Burger, David M, Mulenga, Veronica, Buck, W Chris, Mujuru, Hilda A, te Brake, Lindsey H M, Rojo, Pablo, Tagarro, Alfredo, Aarnoutse, Rob E
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: US Oxford University Press 30.11.2023
• Subjects: Brief Reports; pharmacokinetics; Tuberculosis; infants; HRZE; HIV
• ISSN: 2048-7207; 2048-7193; 2048-7207
• DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piad088

Abstract Optimal antituberculosis therapy is essential for favorable clinical outcomes. Peak plasma concentrations of first-line antituberculosis drugs in infants with living HIV receiving WHO-recommended dosing were low compared with reference values for adults, supporting studies on increased doses of first-line TB drugs in infants. First-line antituberculosis drug peak concentrations in infants with HIV were low compared with reference values for adults. The percent peak concentrations within adult reference values were 51%, 22%, 76%, and 6% for isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, respectively.