Cost-effective single-step synthesis of flower-like cerium-ruthenium-sulfide for the determination of antipsychotic drug trifluoperazine in human urine samples

• Published in: Analytica chimica acta Vol. 1131; pp. 35 - 44
• Main Authors: Sangili, Arumugam, Sakthivel, Rajalakshmi, Chen, Shen Ming
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 22.09.2020
• Subjects: Amperometry detection; Antipsychotic agent; Antipsychotic Agents; Cerium; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Electrochemical sensor; Electrodes; Flower-like Ce–Ru–S; Humans; One-pot synthesis; Reproducibility of Results; Ruthenium; Sulfides; Trifluoperazine; Flower-like Ce–Ru–S; One-pot synthesis; Amperometry detection; Antipsychotic agent; Trifluoperazine; Electrochemical sensor
• ISSN: 0003-2670; 1873-4324; 1873-4324
• DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.07.032

Nanostructured binary metal sulfides are considered as a promising electrode material because of their excellent electron transfer and good sensing behavior rather than metal oxides. As a result, the binary metal sulfides were applied in energy and electrochemical sensor applications. Herein, we propose the electrochemical sensor method based on flower-like cerium-ruthenium sulfide nanostructure (Ce–Ru–S NS) for the electrochemical sensing of trifluoperazine (TFPZ). The Ce–Ru–S NS prepared using the cost-effective one-pot hydrothermal synthesis technique. Then, the resultant materials were characterized through suitable spectrophotometric techniques and the electrocatalytic properties of the fabricated sensor were investigated by EIS, CV, and amperometric (i–t) techniques. The Ce–Ru–S material has good electrocatalytic activity towards the electrochemical oxidation of TFPZ. Significantly, the fabricated sensor demonstrates the distinct amperometric response with the lowest limit of detection (LOD) of 0.322 nM (S/N = 3), high sensitivity 2.682 μA μM−1 cm−2 and lowest oxidation potential of +0.64 V (Ag/AgCl). Furthermore, the Ce–Ru–S NS displays excellent selectivity, good reproducibility, and long-term stability. The practicability of the TFPZ sensor tested in a human urine sample. [Display omitted] •Flower-like structured Ce-Ru-S NS was synthesized by facile one-pot hydrothermal synthesis.•The electrochemical behavior of the fabricated electrode investigated by CV and amperometry (i–t) techniques.•The rich redox chemistry, and synergistic activity of Ce-Ru-S NS enhance the electrochemical performance of TFPZ.•The lowest oxidation potential, wide linear range, lowest LOD, good selectivity and precision for TFPZ has been achieved.•The practical feasibility of the TFPZ sensor was evaluated in human urine samples.