Evaluation and Management of Seizures and Status Epilepticus

Seizures are frequently triggered by an inciting event and result from uninhibited excitation and/or decreased inhibition of a pool of neurons. If physiologic seizure abortive mechanisms fail, the ensuing unrestrained synchronization of neurons-status epilepticus-can be life-threatening and is assoc...

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Published inNeurologic clinics Vol. 39; no. 2; p. 513
Main Authors Ameli, Pouya Alexander, Ammar, Abdalla A, Owusu, Kent A, Maciel, Carolina B
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States 01.05.2021
Subjects
Antiepileptic drug
Antiseizure drug
Electroencephalogram
EEG
Neurocritical care
Nonconvulsive status epilepticus
Status epilepticus
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Summary:Seizures are frequently triggered by an inciting event and result from uninhibited excitation and/or decreased inhibition of a pool of neurons. If physiologic seizure abortive mechanisms fail, the ensuing unrestrained synchronization of neurons-status epilepticus-can be life-threatening and is associated with the potential for marked morbidity in survivors and high medical care costs. Prognosis is intimately related to etiology and its response to therapeutic measures. Timely implementation of pharmacologic therapy while concurrently performing a stepwise workup for etiology are paramount. Neurodiagnostic testing should guide titration of pharmacologic therapies, and help determine if there is a role for immune modulation.
ISSN:1557-9875
DOI:10.1016/j.ncl.2021.01.009