Isavuconazole Versus Caspofungin in the Treatment of Candidemia and Other Invasive Candida Infections: The ACTIVE Trial

• Published in: Clinical infectious diseases Vol. 68; no. 12; pp. 1981 - 1989
• Main Authors: Kullberg, Bart Jan, Viscoli, Claudio, Pappas, Peter G, Vazquez, Jose, Ostrosky-Zeichner, Luis, Rotstein, Coleman, Sobel, Jack D, Herbrecht, Raoul, Rahav, Galia, Jaruratanasirikul, Sutep, Chetchotisakd, Ploenchan, Van Wijngaerden, Eric, De Waele, Jan, Lademacher, Christopher, Engelhardt, Marc, Kovanda, Laura, Croos-Dabrera, Rodney, Fredericks, Christine, Thompson, George R
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: US Oxford University Press 30.05.2019
• Subjects: caspofungin; isavuconazole; voriconazole; Candida
• ISSN: 1058-4838; 1537-6591
• DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciy827

Abstract Background Isavuconazole was compared to caspofungin followed by oral voriconazole in a Phase 3, randomized, double-blind, multinational clinical trial for the primary treatment of patients with candidemia or invasive candidiasis. Methods Adult patients were randomized 1:1 to isavuconazole (200 mg intravenous [IV] three-times-daily [TID] for 2 days, followed by 200 mg IV once-daily [OD]) or caspofungin (70 mg IV OD on day 1, followed by 50 mg IV OD [70 mg in patients > 80 kg]) for a maximum of 56 days. After day 10, patients could switch to oral isavuconazole (isavuconazole arm) or voriconazole (caspofungin arm). Primary efficacy endpoint was successful overall response at the end of IV therapy (EOIVT) in patients with proven infections who received ≥1 dose of study drug (modified-intent-to-treat [mITT] population). The pre-specified noninferiority margin was 15%. Secondary outcomes in the mITT population were successful overall response at 2 weeks after the end of treatment, all-cause mortality at days 14 and 56, and safety. Results Of 450 patients randomized, 400 comprised the mITT population. Baseline characteristics were balanced between groups. Successful overall response at EOIVT was observed in 60.3% of patients in the isavuconazole arm and 71.1% in the caspofungin arm (adjusted difference -10.8, 95% confidence interval -19.9–-1.8). The secondary endpoints, all-cause mortality, and safety were similar between arms. Median time to clearance of the bloodstream was comparable between groups. Conclusions This study did not demonstrate non-inferiority of isavuconazole to caspofungin for primary treatment of invasive candidiasis. Secondary endpoints were similar between both groups. Clinical Trials Registration NCT00413218. In a Phase 3, randomized, double-blind, multinational clinical trial comparing isavuconazole to caspofungin for the primary treatment of patients with proven candidemia or invasive candidiasis, isavuconazole failed to demonstrate noninferiority compared with caspofungin.