Enhanced stability and efficiency of Sn containing perovskite solar cell with SnCl2 and SnI2 precursors

Presence of toxic Pb and device stability are the main issues with perovskite solar cell. For Pb replacement, most likely substitute is Sn, which is a metal of group 14 (like Pb). Thus, in the present study, the amount of Pb is reduced and replaced by Sn. To achieve the replacement, use of SnCl 2 is...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of materials science. Materials in electronics Vol. 29; no. 21; pp. 18144 - 18150
Main Authors Kumari, Nitu, Patel, Sanjaykumar R., Gohel, Jignasa V.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Springer US 01.11.2018
Springer Nature B.V
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Summary:Presence of toxic Pb and device stability are the main issues with perovskite solar cell. For Pb replacement, most likely substitute is Sn, which is a metal of group 14 (like Pb). Thus, in the present study, the amount of Pb is reduced and replaced by Sn. To achieve the replacement, use of SnCl 2 is explored in addition to generally used precursor (SnI 2 ), as the source of Sn. Molar ratio of PbI 2 :SnCl 2 /SnI 2 is varied to get optimum performance of perovskite solar cell. Pt–FTO counter electrode is used in addition to spiro-MeTAD (as hole transport material). The power conversion efficiency of solar cells containing 2:2 molar ratio of PbI 2 :SnCl 2 was enhanced to 10.10%, and PbI 2 :/SnI 2 was enhanced to 10.61%. Without Sn addition (CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 ) the efficiency was only 7.39%. The clear enhancement of 37% (SnCl 2 ) and 43% (SnI 2 ) is highly encouraging, as it leads to less toxic and highly efficient solar cells at the same time. In addition, the percentage loss in power conversion efficiency of device prepared with SnCl 2 (CH 3 NH 3 Pb 0.5 Sn 0.5 ICl 2 ) was also superior (10 days).
ISSN:0957-4522
1573-482X
DOI:10.1007/s10854-018-9926-y