The emerging roles of extracellular vesicles in diabetes and diabetic complications

• Published in: Clinica chimica acta Vol. 497; pp. 130 - 136
• Main Authors: Zhou, Fan, Huang, Liang, Qu, Shun-Lin, Chao, Ru, Yang, Chen, Jiang, Zhi-Sheng, Zhang, Chi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.10.2019
• Subjects: Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus - pathology; Diabetic complications; Extracellular vesicles; Extracellular Vesicles - metabolism; Extracellular Vesicles - pathology; Humans; miRNAs; MCP-1; DPN; miRNAs; Extracellular vesicles; DN; DR; DPP4; IFN-γ; EXOs; iEMPs; ATM-EXOs; IA-2; PDR; APCs; ILVs; SCs; EVs; ELVs; Diabetic complications; IR; EMPs; MVs; ER; GAD65; IL-6; PPARγ; MPs; AT; iMSCs; TNF-α; EPC; Diabetes; GLUT4; MVBs
• ISSN: 0009-8981; 1873-3492
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.07.032

Diabetes and diabetic vascular complications are now the leading cause of death in the world. The effects of traditional medical treatment are usually limited and accompanied by many side effects, such as hypoglycemia, obesity, liver and kidney damage, and gastrointestinal adverse reactions. Thus, it is urgent to explore some new strategies for the treatment of patients with diabetes. Recently, extracellular vesicles have received increased attention because of their emerging roles of cell–to–cell communication under physiological and pathological conditions. In addition, because of their abundant existence in almost all body fluids, as well as their plentiful cargos of bioactive proteins and miRNAs they carry, extracellular vesicles have a strong potential for therapeutic and diagnostic applications in many metabolic diseases, such as obesity and insulin resistance. Here, with the aim of providing the basis for the development of new treatments for diabetes, we review current understanding of extracellular vesicles and the critical roles it has played in the onset and progression of diabetes and diabetic complications. •EV play important roles in the onset and progression of diabetes and diabetic complications, both good and bad.•As new players in cell-to-cell communication, EVs have a great potential in the field of drug delivery and disease diagnosis.•It is the different miRNAs and proteins inside EVs that endow them with bad or good effects, rather than themselves.