The role of serine/threonine protein kinases in cardiovascular disease and potential therapeutic methods

• Published in: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy Vol. 177; p. 117093
• Main Authors: Wu, Yanjiao, Zou, Yuanming, Song, Chunyu, Cao, Kexin, Cai, Kexin, Chen, Shuxian, Zhang, Zhaobo, Geng, Danxi, Zhang, Naijin, Feng, Hao, Tang, Man, Li, Zhao, Sun, Guozhe, Zhang, Yixiao, Sun, Yingxian, Zhang, Ying
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: France Elsevier Masson SAS 01.08.2024; Elsevier
• Subjects: Cardiovascular disease; Serine/threonine protein kinases; Signaling pathway; Therapeutic methods; Serine/threonine protein kinases; Cardiovascular disease; Signaling pathway; Therapeutic methods
• ISSN: 0753-3322; 1950-6007; 1950-6007
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117093

Protein phosphorylation is an important link in a variety of signaling pathways, and most of the important life processes in cells involve protein phosphorylation. Based on the amino acid residues of phosphorylated proteins, protein kinases can be categorized into the following families: serine/threonine protein kinases, tyrosine-specific protein kinases, histidine-specific protein kinases, tryptophan kinases, and aspartate/glutamyl protein kinases. Of all the protein kinases, most are serine/threonine kinases, where serine/threonine protein kinases are protein kinases that catalyze the phosphorylation of serine or threonine residues on target proteins using ATP as a phosphate donor. The current socially accepted classification of serine/threonine kinases is to divide them into seven major groups: protein kinase A, G, C (AGC), CMGC, Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CAMK), Casein kinase (CK1), STE, Tyrosine kinase (TKL) and others. After decades of research, a preliminary understanding of the specific classification and respective functions of serine/threonine kinases has entered a new period of exploration. In this paper, we review the literature of the previous years and introduce the specific signaling pathways and related therapeutic modalities played by each of the small protein kinases in the serine/threonine protein kinase family, respectively, in some common cardiovascular system diseases such as heart failure, myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and diabetic cardiomyopathy. To a certain extent, the current research results, including molecular mechanisms and therapeutic methods, are fully summarized and a systematic report is made for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in the future. [Display omitted] •Integrate the serine/threonine kinase system with the cardiovascular system and detail its molecular mechanism in the cardiovascular system.•Based on the description of the molecular mechanisms, animal and cellular experiments are utilized to support them.•This paper briefly lists the existing and potential drugs that are currently clinically targeting their molecular mechanisms.•Listed kinase families more closely associated with cardiovascular disease: AGC Protein Family; CMGC Protein Family; CAMK Protein Family.•By systematically describing the molecular mechanisms, cellular and animal experimental evidence, and clinically available drugs, it provides a theoretical basis for the future development of therapeutic drugs targeting serine/threonine kinases.