The current status of carbon capture and storage development in Japan: potency, policy, demonstration projects, implication, and scenario model in emission reduction

• Published in: Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy Vol. 19; no. 1
• Main Authors: Pambudi, Nugroho Agung, Chapman, Andrew, Sarifudin, Alfan, Wahyu Kuncoro, Ilham
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Japanese
• Published: Taylor & Francis 31.12.2024; Informa UK Limited
• Subjects: CCS; current status; policy; scenario; TIMES
• ISSN: 1556-7249; 1556-7257
• DOI: 10.1080/15567249.2024.2308839

Japan aims to contribute to an 80% reduction of global emissions by 2050 and has accordingly set policies to promote the acceleration of technological development for Carbon Capture and Storage. The first pilot project began operation in 2016 to demonstrate the viability and reliability of Carbon Capture and Storage. However, there are challenges faced today of a technological, social, and economic nature, leading to uncertainty in future energy scenarios. To evaluate the opportunities and challenges of further development and expansion of Carbon Capture and Storage, this paper uses a TIMES (The Integrated MARKAL-Efom System) code generator and identifies four potential scenarios: base, low penetration, high penetration, and carbon tax scenario. In the base scenario, no CO 2 is delivered to the reservoir, while in the low and high penetration scenarios, 1.62% and 22% CO 2 are absorbed, respectively, but it is not enough to reach Japan's target. The use of carbon taxes, however, achieved a greater CO 2 reduction of 53%. The results of this research are useful for informing policymakers in the energy sector toward sustainable development. Overall, it provides valuable insights into the potential of Carbon Capture and Storage to mitigate climate change. Japan requires CCS technology to reduce carbon emissions due to limited low-emission energy and dependence on fossil fuels. The policy of CCS in Japan is confronted with social and economic issues that are associated with the technology. The demonstration of the CCS project in Japan has revealed both successful outcomes and encountered challenges. Building the correct perception of the technology has implications for action to advance CCS development. The carbon tax scenario produces the lowest emissions with a lower storage burden than the optimistic scenario.